A study examined the sentiment and impact of different types, channels, and forms of aggression against the Arab-American community during the Gulf Crisis. Data were selected from entries in the 1990 Anti-Arab Discrimination and Hate Crimes Log of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination (ADC) National Office. Results show that there were 129 acts of…

A study investigated the possible reasons for low achievement gains in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses among Thai university students in their second year of EAP instruction. Second-year EAP midterm and final examination grades were compared by path analysis with a variety of student variables (sex, English language background, age,…

Researchers too frequently consider the reliability of the scores they analyze, and this may lead to incorrect conclusions. Practice in this regard may be negatively influenced by telegraphic habits of speech implying that tests possess reliability and other measurement characteristics. Styles of speaking in journal articles, in textbooks, and in…

Information is presented on the policy and trends in modern foreign language teaching in member states of the European Community, including Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. The report begins with an executive summary, including…

Three topics were dealt with during this panel discussion on how Hmong, Khmer, Laotian, and Vietnamese refugees see the American school system: (1) the general issues of acculturation and assimilation; (2) conflicts between school and home expectations; and (3) the use of students and other nonprofessionals as interpreters and translators in…

A description of the role and status of English language use and instruction in Australia looks at English within the education systems of the seven states and the Australian Capital Territory at all levels, both for native speakers and students of English as a second language. The following areas are also examined (1) the use of English by…

Some blatant forms of sex discrimination in education have been recognized and addressed in the last decade or so. However, judging both by graduate level counseling textbooks commonly in use and by counselor-educator and counselor-trainee behaviors commonly in practice, enlightenment about the potentially debilitating effects of language is still…

This brief report from the Indigenous Mathematics Project focuses on the way in which numerical reasoning is changing in the Oksapmin community of Papua New Guinea as a function of participation in new social institutions: economic exchange with currency and enrollment in school. Each of these new institutions means that arithmetic problems are…

Leaders in government and business are expressing a need for stronger programs in foreign language education that address national and state needs in defense, diplomacy, and commerce. The deterioration in foreign language capabilities in the United States results from declining participation in foreign language and cultural education. No concrete…

This study investigated the Spanish language proficiency of Hispanic students in bilingual education programs in north central New Mexico to determine the relative importance of a bilingual pedagogical approach in the development and retention of the minority language. Students from grades 1-8 (n=105) were subjects. Measures included a Spanish…

The Cheche Konnen (Haitian Creole for "search for knowledge") project was designed to address the following concerns in the education of language minority children: limited access to science and mathematics education, separation of science and mathematics from literacy development, isolation in and outside of school, and inadequate…

In the area of business-related language training, the United States lags behind Europe, where graduate business schools require at least one foreign language with business proficiency for graduation. In most United States institutions, the long-standing policy of departmentalization and a perceived dichotomy between the humanities and traditional…

A study investigated the use of classroom strategies to improve students' attitudes about language study while improving their practical use of the language. Secondary school students of Spanish completed an interest survey, and then were involved in language class activities including writing paragraphs, watching a recorded television show,…

Testimony offered to the United States Department of Education focuses on the need to legitimize the value of adult biliteracy, particularly among the Hispanic population. Using the demography of Lawrence, Massachusetts as an example, it is suggested that English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instruction alone will not lower the language barrier…

The following are English translations of the titles of papers presented at the International Center for Research on Language Planning's fourth annual conference on student linguistic research: "Semantic Study of Piscatorial Vocabulary in the Dominican Republic"; "Some Aspects of Economic Translation"; "Bibli: Software for…