The hypothesis that pragmatic inferences presented in text are taken for granted, superficially processed, and not stably or enduringly represented in memory was investigated. Stories were read which in some conditions contained information vitiating the implicational force of explicit inferences. The vitiating information was presented either…

Designed for use by graduate students, this guide describes selected French language and literature materials including basic national, trade, period, and current bibliographies; encyclopedias and biographical dictionaries; historical and literary works; current newspapers and periodicals; materials on each of the literary genres; and stylistics.…

A review of the literature on the function of pictures in prose learning indicates that visual illustrations are helpful to children's learning, but that visual imagery has inconsistent effects on prose learning, although it seems to have potential for assisting those with adequate word recognition but low comprehension. A conceptual framework has…

Four simple "how" stories from Alaskan legend are presented in large type and amply illustrated. In "How the Caribou Lost His Teeth", Siqpik's only son is eaten by the sharp-toothed caribou, so Siqpik feeds the animal sour berries to make his teeth fall out. "How the Loon Got His Spots" relates how the raven paints…

Taken from Alaskan oral tradition, the five "how" stories are written in simple English prose. "The Four Qayaqs" explains why the porcupine has no fat on his stomach and the beaver has none on his back. "Ptarmigan and the Sandhill Crane" tells how the two very different birds come to look alike. In "Why the Dall…

The purpose of this study was to isolate factors responsible for the discrepant results reported in the advanced organizer literature, and to identify processes children employ when attempting to recall connected verbal materials. The subjects were 64 middle-class children randomly selected from a local school system. An equal number of male and…

Based on an extensive computer-aided examination of representative published American writing, this book examines and compares how various kinds of prose employ the diverse forms of parallelism. A scale of rhetorical value for assessing the cooccurring rhetorical devices of repetition is also presented. The chapters are entitled: "Balance or…

This objective test for grades 4, 5, and 6 attempts to measure one facet of literature appreciation--interpretive response to imaginative prose and poetry--by asking students to react to a variety of short selections from children's literature. While some questions are designed to test comprehension of meaning, a large number are concerned with…

This book is designed as an introduction to John Wolcot's works for the general reader, the college student, and the college teacher. Wolcot, whose pen name was Peter Pindar, wrote topical satire on public personalities of the eighteenth century, and his methods of criticism are the motif which guides each chapter and which unites all the satires…

This study determined if use of an organizer, which was a focus-type material in paragraph form, would significantly affect reading comprehension of prose material by freshmen junior college students. Also examined was placement of the organizer before, after, or both before and after the prose material. Intelligence and prior reading ability…

The study is concerned with auditory versus visual presentation of several kinds of verbal materials: (1) word pairs; (2) sentences; and (3) prose passages. Ninety-six fourth and sixth graders from a predominantly white, middle class suburban area served as subjects. Major hypotheses included: (1) a mode-by-materials interaction would exist such…

A reconstructive approach to memory for connected discourse is contrasted with orientations that emphasize passive reproduction. Conditions under which reconstructive errors in recall should occur are specified. Most conventional experiments do not satisfy the conditions. In an experiment involving 360 college students, subjects were induced not…