Language learners want to communicate with others about the sort of things that interest them. Nearly everybody is interested in playing games. Many language games are kept going by communication and break down if communication itself does so. Four types of game are described to illustrate this point: guessing games, certain number games, games…

The arguments for and against the teaching of foreign languages from primary school level onwards are discussed. Young children, if suitably taught, can make good progress with the learning of a foreign language, and whether they are better at language learning than older beginners is to some extent irrelevant. However, there is no convincing…

The study assessed the effects of home-country education on the occupational integration of a sample of 82 male immigrants from Spanish American countries in the District of Columbia. The approach was to conceive of the occupational integration of immigrants as a specific case of status attainment. A model of occupational integration described by…

This paper consists of a critique of a paper by James Cummins which appeared in issue number 1 of the Working Papers on Bilingualism, entitled "A Theoretical Perspective on the Relationship between Bilingualism and Thought." Cummins' paper gives the impression that nearly all of the recent studies exploring the effects of bilingualism…

By studying the job offers in a Belgian newspaper, an attempt is made to determine what the language needs in business are. Offers which explicitly require language skills were collected from a French-language newspaper between November of 1971 and June of 1972, and codified according to the languages mentioned and the combinations thereof, the…

The first part of this paper outlines the factors that appear to influence the language attitudes or language behavior of business directors and managerial staff in Belgium. Age and the economic and political surroundings appear to be the principal factors. The younger individuals are, the more positive are their attitudes about the language…

Reasons for studying the literature of a people may vary. While some value it for its aesthetic qualities only, others view it primarily as a source for providing opportunities for the extension of linguistic skills. An important component often overlooked, however, is that of culture. The type of culture referred to here is of an anthropological…

This paper suggests methods for teaching the Russian verbs that govern what are loosely termed "objects" in oblique cases. The case government of such verbs is not necessarily an individual irregularity. Definite patterns emerge, both morphological and semantic, to facilitate grouping these verbs into classes. Russian verbs requiring genitive…

This paper discusses bilingualism from the point of view of language universals, including Fillmore's case grammar, McCawley's "anywhere rules" for lexical insertions and Slobin's operating principles in first language acquisition. It is assumed that first and second language learning is essentially the same, regardless of age. Whereas…

This paper is intended to provide information and suggestions that may be useful to the volunteer or professional teacher of English who is working with adult Indochinese refugees. In addition to offering general information on language teaching at the adult level, the guide provides information on the linguistic background of the refugees,…

An attempt is made in the present paper to resolve inconsistencies between the results of recent studies which have reported that bilingualism is associated with positive cognitive consequences and earlier studies which suggested that bilingualism might adversely affect cognitive and scholastic progress. Because recent studies involved balanced…

This paper discusses error analysis as one source of evidence for an overall theory of second language acquisition. Four related areas which form the context for error analysis are discussed in relation to second language learning and the goals and methodology of error analysis; (1) theories of the nature of language which determine theories of…

This is a list of forty-two textbooks, audio-visual aids, puzzles and games, readers, multi-media materials, and workbooks designed for use in teaching English as a second language at the elementary level. The entries are arranged alphabetically by author, and each includes a brief annotation. (PMP)

Students at Mountain View High School, California, are participating in an experimental foreign language program which is based on individualized instruction within a modular schedule. This collection of sample materials which students and parents receive reflects the goals and requirements of the program. Materials include: (1) program…

This report describes the first year of a two-year experimental, transitional kindergarten program for children whose mother tongue is Italian. Begun in Toronto, Canada as the result of pressure from both the ethnic community and from educators, the program is designed to run for the two years of kindergarten (junior and senior). The bilingual…