Teachers often encountered difficulties or even failure in conducting the classroom due to the students' inability to understand the learning materials. Most students find it's challenging to associate their existing knowledge with the new one because of the learning setting that they generally have. Teachers do not consider it important to set…

Our paper discusses the need for continued focus on ethical leadership and the importance and benefits of ethical leadership development. We propose integrating ethical leadership development, that uses cognitive development theory, into the Center for Creative Leadership's Assess, Challenge, and Support (ACS) leader development model to help…

Working memory (WM) is a significant predictor of academic performance. Emerging empirical evidence has shown that WM can be improved via computerized cognitive training (CCT). Though studies have shown that CCT can improve WM in typical and atypical populations, little is known regarding the efficacy of implementing CCT within a school setting.…

It has been suggested that due to functional similarity, sortal object individuation might be a primordial form of psychological essentialism. For example, the relative independence of identity judgment from perceived surface features is a characteristic of essentialist reasoning. Also, infants engaging in sortal object individuation pay more…

Cognitive dimensions development is one of the objective of education. This research aimed to identify the structure, evaluate the focus, analyze the conformity toward the referred adoption standard, and evaluate the emphasis of thinking skill order of cognitive processes in the e-textbook for 4th grade students. Evaluation was carried out for the…

This study estimates the effect of physical punishment on the cognitive development of 1,167 low-income Colombian children (M[subscript age] = 17.8 months old) using 3 analytic strategies: lagged-dependent variables, a difference-in-differences-like approach (DD), and a novel strategy combining matching with a DD-like approach. Across approaches,…

Interference control is central to cognitive control and, more generally, to many aspects of development. Despite its importance, the understanding of the processes underlying mean interference effects across development is still limited. When measured through conflict tasks, mean interference effects reflect both the strength of the initial…

Technology-enabled active learning environments (TE-ALEs) have attracted considerable research interest, particularly in higher education. However, research shows inconsistent results describing the influence of TE-ALEs toward students' cognitive learning outcomes. This study was designed to identify high-quality empirical research examining…

This qualitative study looks at differences in how preschoolers' difficult questions are reported by parents and teachers, and according to whether the children and parents in question are male vs. female. The participants consisted of 131 parents whose children attended public kindergartens in Turkey and 131 preschool teachers. A…

Although children's school success is a parental goal in most cultures, there is wide cultural variation in the qualities that parents most wish their children to develop for that purpose. A questionnaire contained forty-one child qualities was administered to 757 parents in seven cultural communities in Australia, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland,…

Through performance monitoring individuals detect and learn from unexpected outcomes, indexed by post-error slowing and post-error improvement in accuracy. Although performance monitoring is essential for academic learning and improves across childhood, its susceptibility to educational influences has not been studied. Here we compared performance…

The evidence for negative influences of maternal stress during pregnancy on child cognition remains inconclusive. This study tested the association between maternal prenatal stress and child intelligence in 4,251 mother-child dyads from a multiethnic population-based cohort in the Netherlands. A latent factor of prenatal stress was constructed,…

We used the elicited production task to explore the production of short and long passives in 15 Mandarin-speaking preschool children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD; aged 4;2-5;11) in comparison with 15 Typically Developing Aged-matched (TDA) children (aged 4;3-5;8) and 15 Typically Developing Younger (TDY) children (aged 3;2-4;3). This…

Augmented reality (AR) as a mobile educational technology enables self-directed and interactive learning by anchoring multimedia-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) content at selected locations. Numerous systematic and meta-reviews for education, specifically for science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), have demonstrated a wide range…

This study aims to underline the importance of school-based social-emotional learning (SEL) by exploring the relationship between self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and science achievement with a moderator of students' emotional skills. In previous studies, SEL scholars have paid attention to explaining the complicated relationships among…