This phrase book is intended for American elementary school teachers who may have Indochinese refugee children in their classes. One of the best ways to create a warm and friendly atmosphere for Vietnamese students in the classroom is to recognize their language by attempting simple phrases and sentences in Vietnamese. The phrases given here…

This paper advances a conceptualization about the schooling phenomena in order to better understand the schooling process. Schooling is defined as those human interactions occurring in schools in which designated adults are acting to arrange the environment, and mindfully or mindlessly to influence the lives of children in the present and in their…

The rapidly changing language instruction picture prompts the author to discuss the concept of teacher and student motivation. The disappearing foreign language requirement, the notion of relevance, and high attrition rates are related to the current crisis. Suggestions to develop greater motivation, aimed principally at improving communication,…

Readings in this book have been selected to show how creativity and imagination can be the central focus in a literature and language arts curriculum for the elementary grades. Selections are divided into four parts, each with a different emphasis. Part 1 contains three articles which trace the development of imaginative literature and stress the…

This book is about the kinds of individual differences in students that make differential impressions on teachers, the ways that such differential impressions lead teachers to form differential attitudes and expectations regarding different students, and the ways that these differential teacher attitudes and expectations begin to affect…

While the effects of teacher expectations on learner performance have continued to be of interest to both classroom teachers and researchers, the findings of much of the research have been equivocal. Teacher expectancy statements may affect performance in three rather distinct ways: the past association value of the expectancy statement, the value…

The major interest of this study was to examine the interaction between selected ethnic cues in the aural and visual channels and the effect they have on student perception of an information source. Some 186 sixth grade students were divided equally along black and white racial lines into two groups and shown a filmstrip on drug abuse. Three…

Communicative competence often remains the aim rather than the product of language instruction. One cause may be the fact that language learners tend to need "knowledge of second language use" more than "knowledge of a second language" in their oral communication situations outside the classroom. This results in low transferability of…

Argues that talking helps college writers to formulate and clarify their ideas while they gain confidence. Cites R. Zoellner's "talk-write" model as an alternative to the segregation of speech and writing. Concludes that small tutoring sessions and full session discussions with developmental students encourage revision. (JG)

Learning a language is more than understanding grammar and being able to complete drills and exercises correctly. Other practice and activities which improve communications skills must be incorporated into language classrooms. (CB)

Differences in interaction patterns between teachers and high/low achieving and high/low expectation students were examined in four grade 3 and six grade 6 classes, involving 237 students. Teachers interacted most frequently with high achieving/expectancy students, but spent more time waiting for and interacting with low achieving/expectancy…

Reviews recent research on the nature of teachers' and students' talk in the classroom, specifically addressing the teachers' expectations of student talk and behavior. (SRT)

Examines the nature, consequences, frequency of occurrence, and victims of classroom communication apprehension, and what kind of classes, classrooms, and teachers affect the probability of its occurrence. McCrosky's critical summary of research in this area serves as a basis for comparison. Supplementary tables included. (JD)

Results of several analyses indicate that student perceptions of classroom climate depend on (1) whether the class is liked or disliked; and (2) the gender of the professor, with greater consequences for male than female professors. (PD)

Summarizes the central assumptions of the communicative language teaching model and the potential difficulties that regular classroom teachers may face in implementing it. Seven criteria for use in organizing communicative classrooms are presented, and applications of these criteria to decisions about organizing classroom interaction and the…