Given that a word in a language may function on different levels of meaning, this article presents a system for classifying these levels. The common denominator is the point of view of the speaker; the emotive, the representative and the concrete are the basic divisions within this common denominator. (Text is in French.) (CLK)

Rejects a too-general classification of modality; would omit emotionality, affirmations and negations. Particles should not be indiscriminately classed as modals. Modality is divided into three aspects, which are then explained, with numerous comparative examples in Czech and German. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

From theoretical-linguistic and psycholinguistic viewpoints, semanticizing procedures--audiolingual, audiovisual and situational--are discussed. The methodological standpoint forms the frame of reference of this critique. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

The subject of a semantic sentence-forming process is discussed. It is suggested that the concept of agency should not be treated on a par with the concept of the objective. The hypothesis is confined to simple intransitive and transitive sentences. (Available from: See FL 508 214). (Author/RM)

Three types of jokes are distinguishable according to the style of speech used: 1) the merely prosaic joke, 2) the joke with a fictitious dialogue, and 3) the dialogue joke. These are analyzed in terms of communication, discourse analysis, and semantics. (Text is in German.) (DS)

Schlesinger defends his theory that grammar is acquired not merely through linguistic input but by observing that utterances are paired with appropriate situations, thereby learning the agent/ action relationship. Stemmer argues that word order learned by children is semantically determined. (CK)

This study investigated the congruence between students' perceptions of their peers and their perceptions of the institutional environment. Significant differences were found between students' perceptions of their class peers and the environment on four factors. (Author)

The concept of the verb phrase in natural and programming languages is discussed. (RM)

Research is reported in which a memory-for-marked-semantic-features theory was juxtaposed to a memory-for-meaning theory. The results were interpreted as supporting a global memory-for-meaning theory. (Author/RM)

A study is reported in which subjects were shown sentences, some of which they had read previously, after intervals ranging from a few minutes to 32 days. Results show that information about typography can be recovered for at least 32 days after initial reading. Implications are discussed. (Author/RM)

A set of experiments are reported in which it was found that most subjects were better at identifying both meaning and wording changes in concrete sentences and subjects took significantly longer to encode and decode the abstract sentences. Implications of these findings are discussed. (Author/RM)

A method for analyzing connected discourse beyond paragraph length is demonstrated. (JH)

Describes 24 performance objectives for use in teaching written communication (reading and writing) in kindergarten through twelfth grade. (RB)

Studies the linguistic conception of the laboratory exercises on intonal expressivity included in the audio-visual method for advanced students: "Express Yourself as a Specialist In..." (Text is in French.) (PMP)

Issues of meaning have become central concerns of research on language development. There are at least four reasons for the neglect of meaning by earlier researchers. First, Chomsky's original theory assumed that syntax could be described and explained independently of meaning. Second, linguists had long assumed that semantics was too messy and…