The degree to which human intelligence can be improved by psychological and educational means will depend largely upon the level of analysis accepted as representing intelligence. Training and structured learning can enhance achievement in the form of knowledge and skills. Traditional Intelligence Tests (IQ) are fairly broad samples of…

The influence of perceptual factors and language comprehension on quantity judgments (number conservation) was assessed in children, aged 2-5. (ST)

The author argues that no "hard" data exists on genetically based differences in intelligence among human groups. IQ measures the heritability of IQ, and statistical inaccuracies in reported studies are discussed and questioned. The current interest in biological determinism of intelligence is trivial; individuals can not be judged by group means.…

Provides the following possible reasons for the unpopularity of college chemistry: the shortage of good teachers due to higher salaries and prestige in chemical research; the increasing intellectual demands of chemistry study; and the emphasis in chemical education on vocational, rather than intellectual, development. (MLH)

The author credits Piaget for giving an operational definition of deduction and for his descriptions of child behavior. But he states that the latter apply only to white, middle-class urban youths in Switzerland in the first half of the 20th century and cannot support Piaget's claims about invariant stages of intellectual development for all…

Two tasks were used to choose between two rival accounts--cognitive vs. pragmatic--of children's failure to comprehend metaphors. A total of 120 children, in three age groups (6, 7, and 9 years) were given either an explication or a multiple choice task to assess comprehension of 15 novel comparisons expressed in five alternative forms varying in…

LEARNING THE BASIC SKILLS OF READING AND WRITING IS NOT SUFFICIENT FOR A HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION. ALL STUDENTS SHOULD COMPREHEND, AND REACT CRITICALLY TO, THE IDEAS AND PROBLEMS ABOUT WHICH THEY READ. STUDENTS WHO WERE CONSIDERED MATURE READERS COULD DISTINGUISH FACT FROM OPINION, DISTINGUISH BETWEEN CONNOTATIVE AND DENOTATIVE LANGUAGE, AND DRAW…

To determine if certain non-intellectual factors affected educational persistence, three null-hypotheses were tested for both sexes, namely, that there i s no significant difference between (1) those who persist (P) and those who withdraw (W), (2) those who persist (P) and those who are dismissed (D), and (3) those who withdraw(W) and those who…

The purpose of this publication is to point out that reading comprehension questions frequently assess only literal comprehension, and to suggest kinds of questions that involve broader levels of comprehension. The publication first presents two reading passages; for each one it lists sample questions that involve only literal comprehension and…

In reviewing the research of experimental psychology, genetic psychology, and psychopathology, the author finds the data show: (1) the extreme importance of the period between the third and sixth year when the Oedipus situation of the child is resolved and when he takes the first step in the use of reason; (2) the importantce of the latency period…

For this followup study an attempt was made to retest all 136 children evaluated in the Austin, Texas Day Care Program nine months earlier but only 95 children were available. Subjects were Negro and Mexican-American. The original study indicated that significantly higher scores were earned on tests of intellectual performance as a function of…

Tested was the hypothesis that science instruction based on task analysis will lead to the acquisition of the ability to perform certain Piaget volume tasks which have been characterized as requiring formal operations for their solutions. A Test on Formal Operations and a Learning Hierarchies Test were given to fourth- and sixth-grade students in…