Five steps described by Dienes by which mathematics is learned are illustrated through the use of the topic of direct proportion. (MP)

Reviews the literature pertaining to spatial perspective-taking and attempts to account for the inconsistent findings in this area of research by examining the methodological differences between studies. (Author/SS)

The effects of graded and nongreded curricula on the cognitive and affective development of 246 academically talented elementary students were investigated. (DLS)

Creative thinking and problem solving processes were studied in 233 gifted elementary students. (Author/DLS)

Democratic Socialization is viewed from a cognitive developmental perspective in which hypothetico-deductive thinking and exposure to democratic models are seen as necessary, but not sufficient to development of democrative values. A taxonomy of democratic development is offered. (MS)

Six hundred boys divided by age (6-8), race (black and white) and social class (middle and lower) were given tests for memory, intelligence, learning, and transfer. Findings indicated social class differences on learning and intelligence tests, with racial differences on intelligence, digit span, and paired-associate learning. (Author/MV)

Evaluates conservation and categorization abilities among grade

Reports a procedure for training fifth and seventh grade students to substantially improve their understanding and use of controlled experimentation procedures. (SL)

Children's use of causal and logical connectives was examined before and after treatments based on advance organizers with social studies lessons. In samples of 120 children from age-levels 6 and 10 years a diminution in the use of syncretic reasoning and understanding followed the experimental treatment. (Editor)

An investigator's method of selecting schizophrenic and control subjects for comparison can assure either a difference or a lack of difference between groups on almost any kind of task that requires a voluntary response. Discusses how researchers should select subjects and the inferences that may reasonably be drawn from studies of schizophrenic…

This article briefly summarizes educational techniques used in America and what can be done to best implement them. (JD)

Caregiver-infant transactions with 51 premature infants were studied in naturalistic observations in the home when the infants were aged 1, 3, and 8 months. Gesell developmental schedules and a sensorimotor scale were administered at 9 months. (Author/JH)

An overt rehearsal procedure was used to investigate the relationship between children's rehearsal strategies and free recall performance. Subjects were 72 third- and 72 sixth-grade children. Investigated were the effects of increased processing time and rehearsal training upon recall. (MS)

A total of 12 second- and fifth-graders' semantic decision times for pictures and words were analyzed relative to the predictions derived from unitary- and dual-memory models. (MS)