Discusses the contrasting relationships between ironic and conventional evaluations. Examines the pragmatics of ironic evaluation in the context of the pragmatics of evaluation per se. Argues that the study of irony makes an important contribution to the general epistemology of evaluation. (JMF)

Reports the results of a study suggesting that readers expect particular structural elements and sequences of elements in stories, with younger students having structural expectations less often than older students. (AEA)

Discusses the notions of "word,""term," and "expression," and various semantic relationships with which the technical translator must deal. (AM)

Notes the value of producing representational "outcomes" (which may be sketches, diagrams, tables, or graphs) to illustrate the concepts in passages of reading or discussion themes. Describes the way charts were used to help students study novels. (GT)

Examined the extent to which subjects disclosed positive and negative trait information to each of three friends in the course of their relationships. Self-disclosure and feedback grouped themselves as suggested by Leary's model of interpersonal behavior, indicating that relationships are characterized more by affiliative than by dominant…

Two experiments were conducted exploring the effects of imagery and text organization on what is learned from reading a passage. Some of the results were that imagery was more successful for learning than repetition and that randomized text resulted in the poorest comprehension. (MKM)

An analysis of the syntax particular to newspaper writing, with emphasis on the use of the nominalization of verbs. The possible pedagogical uses of such an analysis are discussed. (Text is in French.) (TL)

The nature of the system of linguistic entities of a natural language is examined. The purpose is to define the relation between "le lexique" and an overall linguistic theory, the relation between form and meaning. (Text is in French.) (TL)

Defines rhetorical enterprise as the combination of content and delivery which fosters a symbiotic relationship between source and receiver, and suggests a critical methodology for assessing the goals, methods and precedents of rhetorical enterprise. Provides a case study of the Reverend Frederick J. Eikerenkoetter II and his Science of Living…

Examines under what conditions undergraduate students perceive racist speech as harmful. Studies how attribution of harm was influenced by group membership, message severity and explicitness, and medium of presentation. Finds interaction between group membership and message explicitness. Reveals out-group evaluators attributed direct racist…

A critic of Deborah Tannen's book "Gender and Discourse" responds to comments made about her critique, arguing that the book's analysis of the relationship of gender and discourse tends to seek, and perhaps force, explanations only in those terms. Another linguist's analysis of similar phenomena is found to be more rigorous. (MSE)

Analyzes 208 comments written at the end of student papers by 10 teaching assistants at Penn State. Analyzes a second sample containing end comments written earlier at other universities. Identifies 16 primary genres, falling into 3 groups: judging genres, reader response genres, and coaching genres. (PA)

A study of teachers and their students in five classrooms each at first-, third-, and fifth-grade levels (15 classrooms total) analyzed the discourse expectations of formal classroom lessons to provide an information base for curriculum-based language intervention. Implications for students with communication disorders are considered. (Author/CR)

Compared the narrative discourse of 10 boys (ages 8-9) with specific-language impairments and 10 typical peers. The children with SLI produced fewer narrative structures and less complex ones. They did not produce narrative structures in which aims, motivations, and consequences occurred as frequently as their peers. (Author/CR)

Argues that any political action is prepared, controlled and influenced by language. Notes that the study of language has become more central to academic disciplines concerned with politics. Political scientists focus on the consequences of political decisions and actions for a society, whereas linguists concentrate on the linguistic structures…