A discussion of pharyngeal fricatives in Arabic looks at voiced and voiceless varieties within the context of K. L. Pike's classifications. Pike treated pharyngeal fricatives as standing apart from others, including a number of oral fricatives and one glottal fricative in a category he called "frictionals." Later, however, he…

A teaching unit illustrates how the application of certain common classification systems, using the same data set, can produce different spatial configurations on choropleth maps. It is hoped that students, after completing the unit, will not only take greater care in deciding upon a classification system to use on their own choropleth maps, but…

An investigation was conducted of the eligibility and classification decisions of 223 educational professionals who participated in a special education simulation exercise. Data from their decisions were characterized by much variability and inaccuracy. Fifty-one percent of the Ss declared a student with assessment data in the normal range to be…

Literature in mathematic problem-solving suggests that learners store information in memory which helps them solve stereotyped algebra word problems. Cluster analysis has been used as an exploratory tool to infer the types of problems which have common representations in memory. This study compares the results of a hierarchical cluster analysis of…

Article presented a number of definitions of reading with the advantages and disadvantages of reading taxonomies. (RK)

Subjects learned 24 words from two categories to either a lenient or a stringent criterion and were then tested in an identification task. (Editor)

Two-hundred fifteen professors, graduate students and upper division undergraduates in special education and educational psychology were asked to select adjectives on a checklist to describe first a mentally ill person and secondly a mentally retarded person. (Author/CL)

A discussion and clarification of various forms and levels of Black English is provided together with a conjugation of the verb "to be" outlining the levels of meanings as used by most divergent black speakers. (EH)

A justification is presented for making slide collections available to college students, and some equipment useful in such programs is described. (PF)

The experience of the Board of Cooperative Educational Services of suburban Buffalo, New York, belies the beliief that traditional practices of labeling students are necessary to obtain funding of special educational programs. (DB)

The comparative method is not a single method of reconstruction but a complex set of procedures based on different assumptions and hypotheses about language change. The paper examines sound-meaning relationships, traditions, phonetic distinctions and the sets of oppositions, & regularity and irreversibility of phonetic change in the discussion.…

Investigated two developmental implications: (1) that foci for color categories become established and stabilized earlier than boundaries, and (2) that focal judgments are always more stable than boundary judgments. Subjects were 20 kindergarteners, 40 third graders and 40 adults. (Author/SDH)

Issues of meaning have become central concerns of research on language development. There are at least four reasons for the neglect of meaning by earlier researchers. First, Chomsky's original theory assumed that syntax could be described and explained independently of meaning. Second, linguists had long assumed that semantics was too messy and…

There are four problems in modern composition bibliography that result directly from the continuing research paradigm instability in the field. The first problem is that of definition. Composition is a hybrid, practical sort of field, with very ill-defined and shifting boundaries. The recent extension of composition from "formal writing…