Activity theory posits that culturally organized actions guide the acquisition and organization of knowledge. This theory was applied to the organization of knowledge within a large milk processing plant. The dairy was found to be organized by social knowledge, yet individuals creatively synthesized several domains of knowledge to organize their…

Examines kindergartners' and second graders' knowledge of concept attribute importance and the children's use of this knowledge to categorize. (HOD)

Describes four experiments that examined the ability of second- and fifth-grade children and college adults to use "extra-list" cues to retrieve episodic information from memory. Shows that effective cue use varied with both the "match" of cue and event classification, and with the associative structure of permanent memory.…

Provides a historical chronicle of events associated with the first 4 years of Counselor Education and Supervision. Describes the setting for counselor education and supervision in the turbulent 1961 to 1965 period to provide a background for understanding the content of the journal during its infancy. (Author/ABB)

Problem-behavior rating scale data on elementary-aged learning disabled and normal boys were factor analyzed. Somewhat different factors were identified for normal and learning disabled groups. Implications of the findings for hyperactivity as distinct from other conduct problems and for classifying youngsters' behavior and emotional problems are…

Intended for potential business users, this paper describes the main characteristics of expert systems; discusses practical use considerations; presents a taxonomy of the systems; and reviews several expert system development projects in business and industry. (MBR)

A structural model of emotions was used to reveal patterns in how children interpret the emotional facial expressions of others. Tests with young children and adults indicate that children organize the emotional domain in a systematic fashion, initially according to pleasure and arousal and later in terms of adult-like categories. (Author/AS)

Identified three client typologies (vocational-educational, physical-environmental coping, and personal-social) based on the expressed concerns of 217 rehabilitation clients. The typologies were found to differentiate the interpersonal styles of 45 counselors in terms of their use of counseling interview subrole behaviors and levels of…

Describes a typology that attempts to outline the major phases of the development of ethnic revitalization movements in Western societies. Various phases of ethnic revitalization are described as related primarily to the United States and United Kingdom. Also discusses the rise of anti-egalitarian ideology and research. (CT)

Students in grades two, four, six, and college sorted abstract visual patterns that varied both in amount of contour and in type of visual organization (unstructured, simple symmetries, multiple symmetries, and rotational). Results suggested that children attend to both amount of contour and visual organization, but that attention to visual…

Because the names, interrelations, and oxidation levels of the organic compounds of phosphorus and sulfur tend to confuse students, a simple way to organize these compounds has been developed. The system consists of grouping them by oxidation state and extent of carbon substitution. (JN)

Based on intuitive speculation, a literature review, and trial situations with students, this comprehensive listing describes, explains, and classifies the functions that visuals might perform when used to support verbal narration. This summary will be followed in the future by establishment and testing of the functions' validity. (MBR)

Describes an exercise which uses a computer program (written for Commodore 64 microcomputers) that accepts data obtained from identifying bacteria, calculates similarity coefficients, and performs single linkage cluster analysis. Includes a program for simulating bacterial cultures for students who should not handle pathogenic microorganisms. (JN)

Generated and assessed an empirical taxonomy of symptom profiles or types among 335 divorcing adults. Cluster analysis yielded a provisional classification of respondents into nine types. Results indicated three types were relatively well off despite the potentially stressful conditions inherent in divorce. The Overwhelmed and the Somatic…

Explored the effects of sorting methods upon the content of children's constructs. Results indicated that dyadic sorting and free response methods of construct elicitation differentially affect the types of constructs produced. (Author/BL)