Presents 3 experiments that examine whether Japanese readers activate phonological information when reading kanji compound words and sentences and if so, how they do it. Suggests that readers activate phonological information of two-kanji compound words when reading for comprehension but not for simple proofreading. (SG)

Investigates the way native Chinese speakers process Chinese and Western numerals. Finds they process the numerals differently and that they processed Western numerals differently than native English speakers do. Concludes that Chinese and Western numerals are not a homogeneous set of stimuli. (RS)

Identifies simple, well-formed lists as the basic building blocks of most documents. Examines six characteristics of such lists. (RS)

A cell-by-cell analysis of finger movements of 16 blind adolescent braille readers was conducted to separate, catalog, and measure the components of scanning movements across braille cells as a function of reading proficiency. Results confirmed the superiority of bimanual reading and suggested that the two hands may perform different functions.…

Finds that perceptual identification of target words explicitly presented was significantly higher than that of new targets and that targets inferred to maintain coherence and targets predicted by the text were identified as well as explicit targets and significantly better than targets schematically appropriate to the text. (SR)

Discusses the hyperbole surrounding statements and testimonials about the effectiveness of phonics instruction. Suggests that reading is more than sounding out words one at a time and that most children figure it out for themselves with little or no help. Suggests that reading is also more than a psycholinguistic guessing game. (RS)

Uses an error detection paradigm to examine the use of different standards of evaluation in younger and older adults who are skilled or less skilled at evaluating their understanding. Finds that skilled readers more often detect falsehoods and inconsistencies than nonsense words, whereas less skilled readers more often detect nonsense words and…

Assesses early interactive processes of development in reading, spelling, and implicit and explicit phonological awareness in a group of children at four time-points as they progressed through their first three years in school. Finds that results describe the ways in which spelling acts as a mediator for the influence of explicit phonological…

Discusses the following visual needs of learning: acuity, accommodation, neuromuscular coordination, visual motor integration, and other related factors. Urges professionals of all areas to pool their resources so that teachers can become more knowledgeable of certain information regarding the visual process that affects a student's learning…

Notes that reading research has advanced from notions that reading is a visual-perception task of word recognition and decoding to more precise psycho- and neurolinguistic models of language and literacy. Concludes that reading is a skill that develops to an automatic level depending on the degree to which the individual can access phonemic and…

Focuses on inferential processes in reading and the question of whether those processes are automatic. Examines the importance of inference generation during reading comprehension. Describes research that investigates which inferences appear to be automatic. Discusses characteristics of skilled reading that are related to the automaticity of…

Three experiments, using text designed to suggest two causal interpretations, examined second and fourth graders' recognition of interpretive ambiguity. Found that older children were more likely than younger children to report two interpretations, with initial interpretations reflecting the most recently encountered causal information. Second…

Using a priming procedure, 4 experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of a short preexposure of a prime that was a radical or contained radicals identical to the target. Significant facilitation was found when the target contained the prime as a radical, although only for low-frequency targets which did not arise merely as a result…

Visioning a world class university is certainly an appropriate target for a university. Realizing this vision would need an expansion of knowledge and greater English proficiency as in this period of history, English is the language of IT which is an important key to acquiring knowledge. Using a sample of 40 level one students from UiTM Dungun…

Teacher rating scales have been used widely throughout the United States as part of a comprehensive plan for identifying potentially gifted and talented students. The Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics for Superior Students (SRBCSS) are among the most frequently used teacher rating scales to assess the characteristics of and nominate…