Questions asked by teachers are vital to maintaining and sustaining learner engagement. In Hong Kong secondary classrooms where English is used as the medium of instruction (EMI), productive teacher questioning is key to promoting both language and content learning. Drawing on classroom observations and in-depth interviews, this study investigated…

In Austria and other European countries, the initial segregation of learners of the language of instruction reflects the dominance of monolingual educational traditions. While prior research has extensively explored principals' and teachers' self-reported strategies for addressing the needs of language of instruction learners, little is known…

During the last and current century, the United States has witnessed an increasing upward trend in immigration from the racially and linguistically diverse English-speaking or Anglophone Caribbean (Lorenzi & Batalova, 2022). However, there needs to be more research on Afro-Anglophone Caribbean (AAC) students recounting their experiences in…

As language teacher educators, we studied how teachers in April's English as a Second Language (ESL) graduate-level assessment course for practicing teachers planned to talk with families about ESL identification, including home language surveys (HLS). We studied how 30 mostly in-service teachers planned to reassure families they had students'…

This research aims to investigate the impact of an early literacy programme called 'Dialog, Play and Tell--Early Literacy Skills Support Practices with Mother Involvement (DPT-ELP)' on the early literacy skills of socio-economically disadvantaged children. An interventional mixed research design was implemented with 13 children attending municipal…

This study explores the evolving nature of students' sense of belonging in Finnish higher education, particularly as learning environments shift between in-person, online, and hybrid modes. While much research has focused on belonging in Higher Education, the experiences of Language Centre students remain underexplored. The aim of this study is to…

Intercultural contact (IC), affording interactions between individuals from different cultures, should be an accessible goal in promoting intercultural (communicative) competence (ICC) in additional language learning context. IC happened either directly through in-person interaction or indirectly through exposure to cultural elements such as…

Intelligence is a key factor underlying individual differences in learning. This study aimed to determine whether students with strong linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences learned better or more quickly than those with weak linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences. Forty-nine senior high school students were taught reading…

Multilingual and multicultural Australia is typically represented in urban settings. This representation is challenged by half a century of languages and multicultural teaching and research originating in Armidale in the New England region of NSW. From the 1970s to the present, educational institutions in Armidale have been leaders in the…

Language tutor identity and language assessment literacy shape teaching practice. Tutors' roles are especially critical in informal, community-based contexts, where they assist learners in one-on-one settings "without" fixed curricular or assessments. While previous studies have examined tutor identity in these contexts from a…

This research article aimed to study the factors impinging on students' English language learning and to examine the relationships among three main factors: internal, external, and family-related factors. The internal factors included students' attitudes toward learning English and their motivation to learn English, while the external factors…

Scholars have argued for the inclusion of different spoken varieties of English in high-stakes listening tests to better represent the global use of English. However, doing so may introduce additional construct-irrelevant variance due to accent familiarity and the shared first language (L1) advantage, which could threaten test fairness. However,…

Social network analysis (SNA) examines the relationships that an individual speaker creates and maintains with others in order to explain and predict language behavior. Over the past 20 years, SNA has been used by a growing number of researchers to better understand the language learner and the language learning process, especially in the context…

There is a relationship between language and the environment. Languages shape worldviews, inform behaviours, and are not disconnected from local political, sociocultural, and ecological contexts. English has an enduring colonial, imperialist, and assimilationist legacy and can be easily delinked from context, culture, and place. In this article,…

The challenges involved in navigating between home, school and academic languages, especially in a low resource context, have been well documented in the literature. Processes and strategies that allow the use of students' "language as resource" have also been suggested by research. In the context of explorations, where students work…