A referential communication task was used to compare the effects of linguistic structure on the encoding and decoding performances of 120 five- and seven-year-old children. Results suggested that differences in adjective ordering rules and stylistic variation affect encoding and decoding accuracy. (Author/MP)

Analyzes the developmental patterns in the production of analogy by second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade students to determine whether children use different types of analogy as they achieve linguistic maturity. (HOD)

Describes the ability of two boys to speak backward and discusses private speech play behavior in relation to linguistic, cognitive, and social development. (EKN)

The focus of this review is on children's verbalized knowledge about various aspects of reading (gained primarily from interviews) rather than the regulation of that knowledge, which tends to be the other well-represented division in metacognitive research. (Author/CT)

Describes study designed to contribute empirical evidence about syllables from native speakers' actual syllabification of words and determine how evidence reflects on syllable theories proposed. Concludes speakers can recognize and isolate basic syllables as phonological unit within words; there are basic constraints on shapes of syllables all…

While proficiency tests make a positive statement about the language ability of those who pass, it says nothing about those who don't. Since the proficiency test's questions are too general, a "sufficiency" test was developed to determine if students had "enough" English to meet the needs that motivated their study. (PJM)

Explores two questions: What is the nature of older children's syntactic knowledge, and how is that knowledge used in an everyday speech situation? Subjects were 96 children at each of three grade levels: 6, 8, and 10. (MP)

An English reading program for non-English-speaking Canadian immigrant children is based on the premise that a reader's ability to understand a text is based on his capacity to organize written material into linguistically meaningful units. (MB)

In the past decade, there has been a surge of interest in morphological awareness, which refers to the ability to reflect on and manipulate morphemes and word formation rules in a language. This review provides a critical synthesis of empirical studies on this topic from a broad cross-linguistic perspective. Research with children speaking several…

Educational professionals agree that traditional preservice preparation has been inadequate in preparing educators to teach culturally and/or linguistically diverse students. Reasons for this lack of preparation are generally identified as an insufficient number of diverse teacher candidates and poor infusion of culturally competent practices…

The Modern Language Association (MLA) supports a broad, intellectually driven approach to teaching language and culture in higher education. To study the best ways of implementing this approach in today's world, the MLA Executive Council established an Ad Hoc Committee on Foreign Languages. The committee was charged with examining the current…

According to Smith and Nelson [Smith, L.E., Nelson, C.E., 1985. "International intelligibility of English: directions and resources." "World Englishes" 3, 333-342.], "intelligibility" refers to word/utterance recognition, whereas "comprehensibility" is the understanding of word/utterance meaning. This study…

The problems and advantages of being bilingual are discussed, along with the personality of bilinguals and the different forms of bilingualism. It is concluded that the optimum situation is passive bilingualism, i.e. reading and understanding various languages, accompanied by active monolingualism, i.e. speaking and writing only one language.…

The author discusses the advantages and the disadvantages of being a non-native teacher of English. The requirements of a successful teacher of English are a thorough knowledge of the language and a mastery of teaching skills. (CJ)