An abundance of empirical evidence indicates that spatial ability is significantly correlated with educational performance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Previous studies have explored the relationship between spatial ability and science achievement in adults. However, the relationship between spatial ability…

The purpose of the study was to determine the association between van Hiele geometric thinking levels and circular achievement exam results for middle school students in 7th grade. The design of the study was a survey method. 157 middle school students were participated into study from three different schools in Kayseri in the spring semester of…

The relationship between two-dimensional elements and three-dimensional objects is an abstract process which generates difficulty for learning. This ability can be improved with exercises designed to improve spatial abilities. Many of those exercises aim at offering a single solution with the result that they are not the most suitable for…

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare release from masking (RM) between Mandarin-speaking and English-speaking listeners with normal hearing for competing speech when target-masker sex cues, spatial cues, or both were available. Method: Speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) for competing speech were measured in 21 Mandarin-speaking and 15…

This paper sets out to clarify the role gesture has in creating meaning when learning mathematics. General characteristics of gesture and the mathematical concept of spatial reasoning are discussed. Features of the theoretical basis of that concepts are then explored, primarily to outline how the modern embodied form of knowledge was developed and…

Background: Prior research has revealed positive effects of spatial activity participation (e.g., playing with blocks, sports) on current and future spatial skills. However, research has not examined the degree to which spatial activity participation remains stable over time, and little is known about how participating in spatial activities at…

Previous research with typically developing children and adults shows that active control of the learning experience leads to enhanced episodic memory, as compared with conditions lacking this control. The present study investigates whether similar advantages can be found in children with autism spectrum disorder. In this study, 6-12-year-old…

Background: Investigating the relationship between the human body and its spatial environment is a critical component in understanding the process of acquiring spatial knowledge. However, few empirical evaluations have looked at how the visual accessibility of an environment affects spatial learning. To address this gap, this paper focuses on…

Background: Early patterning competence has recently been identified as an important precursor of mathematical development. Whereas the focus of this research has been on children's ability regarding repeating patterns, children might also differ in their spontaneous attention to patterns. Aims: The present study aimed to explore 4- to 5-year…

Problem solving abilities are critical components of contemporary Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. Research in the area of problem solving has uncovered much about the representation, processes and heuristic approaches to problem solving. However, critics claim this overemphasis on the process of solving problems…

The spatial ability is defined as the combination of some abilities such as imagining the movements of objects, mental rotation, and spatial transformations. Students' spatial abilities can be enhanced through specific education programs. This study investigated the effects of engineering design-based instruction on spatial abilities of 8th grade…

In this report, we present how one prospective elementary teacher (PT) engaged in the Ant Farm Task, which we designed to investigate PTs' reasoning about coordinate systems. We highlight the cognitive resources the PT drew upon in solving the task via the establishment of a Cartesian coordination and consider educational implications. [For the…

How do children construct a concept of natural numbers? Past research addressing this question has mainly focused on understanding how children come to acquire the cardinality principle. However, at that point children already understand the first number words and have a rudimentary natural number concept in place. The question therefore remains;…

Measuring the 3D position at any time of a given object in real-time automatically and well documented to understand a physical phenomenon is essential. Exploring a stereo camera in developing 3D images is very intriguing since a 3D image perception generated by a stereo image may be reprojected back to generate a 3D object position at a specific…

The purpose of the present study was to clarify comprehensively how and to what extent inhibition, spatial working memory (WM), and auditory WM influence agility, balance, and dexterity of motor coordination and comprehensive physical ability in kindergarteners. Participants were 43 children between the ages of 4 and 5 years old. The children…