This paper contains an examination of equity theory, which is based on the assumption that when a state of equity exists in an exchange situation, there is a perceived balance between the effort and reward ratios of the individuals involved in the exchange. The paper offers a rationale for examining equity theory in a communication context,…

This study presents an aesthetic theory of school vandalism and reports on nine original empirical studies that are relevant to the theory. It is proposed that the act of destroying an object is very enjoyable because it is, in effect, an aesthetic experience. The theory posits that the variables accounting for positive hedonic value associated…

Biorhythm comes from the Greek words for life and regulated beat. The science of biorhythm is concerned with the rhythmic cycles of physical, emotional, and intellectual life. These cycles have lengths of 23, 28, and 33 days respectively. During the first half of each cycle, energy is high. During the low period, second phase abilities, feelings,…

These findings suggest that the relative effect of the main therapeutic procedure and expectancy (defined by the presence or absence of a therapeutic rationale and instructions suggesting a positive outcome from treatment) varies with different behavioral therapies. With reinforced practice and covert sensitization the main therapeutic procedure…

THE SPECIFIC PROBLEM WAS WHETHER HUMANS, AFTER HAVING BEEN TRAINED ON A GIVEN REWARD SCHEDULE TO ACT IN A GIVEN WAY IN GIVEN CIRCUMSTANCES, WILL EXHIBIT FIXED EXTINCTION BEHAVIOR REGARDLESS OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TRAINING AND THE EXTINCTION PERIODS. SUBJECTS WERE 360 COLLEGE STUDENTS WHO HAD VOLUNTEERED FOR THE EXPERIMENT. AN APPARATUS WAS…

Proposes that the behavior of many teenagers may be understood as a function of 11 immediate goals, each of which represents a coherent set of attitudes and behaviors by which the ultimate goals of belonging and self-esteem are sought. These goals are rooted in faulty beliefs and elicit characteristic reactions from adults. (Author)

Despite current attention given to the influence of star athletes' biorhythms, the author's studies lead him to the conclusion that biorhythms do not mediate behavior in sport. (Editor)

The relationship between an individual's inner needs and choice of lesiure activity to satisfy those needs is explored. (JD)

Two groups of three autistic children, equated for chronological age (mean=49 months) but differing in IQ and performance MA, were observed for 20-minute sessions to examine the effects of environmental stimuli on stereotypic behavior. (Author/SBH)

Seven hyperactive children in a pilot study, and 15 hyperactive and 15 nonhyperactive control children in a later study, were assessed for salivation to lemon juice stimulation, reactive inhibition on an audio-vigilance task, and visual-motor maze errors. (Author)

It has been discovered that dreams and daydreams can be productive states in the process of scientific innovation. An attempt is made to provide some typical examples of insights which have come to scientists during dream-like states and in sleep. (Author/MA)

The early signs and symptoms of alcoholism are not easily observed. An insidious pattern of lateness, family disorders, excuses, frequent visits to the doctor, poor performance on the job, and perhaps job-related accidents, befall this individual. (Author)

The evidence available so far generally refutes the claim that artificial food colorings in the diet substantially aggravate the behavior of children with learning disability and hyperkinesis. (JD)

This four-year longitudinal study explored the utility of a unidimensional schema based upon the concept of an implicit value system (Protestant ethic-hedonistic continuum) and found that the conceptual simplicity and utility of the model warranted consideration of its use over the more complex multidimensional approaches. (MJB)