The Svanholm Collective, founded in 1978 by 82 adults and 40 children, helped introduce organized organic farming in Denmark. The collective has a common economy and self-governing system. Children are integrated into daily life and work. The community provides preschool education and afterschool activities for older kids. (MLH)

In Sierra Leone, two church-sponsored programs are focused on sustainable development. The Wesleyan Development Education and Awareness Programme trains people to initiate community projects. Women's Loan Scheme encourages development of small-scale enterprises. (SK)

Explores how experiments in both community development and in community economic development that are based on cooperative education provide fertile ground for research in environmental education. (Author/CCM)

Governmental and nongovernmental community work in Israel is examined through five dimensions: locus of initiation, funding, goals, intervention methods, and levels of complexity. A new division of labor among public, voluntary, and private sector community work is proposed. (SK)

Examines the Phipps Houses Group, a nonprofit housing developer, in its attempt to foster a sense of community and family well-being in housing developments. Discusses the community development program and gives a profile of tenants. Suggests that this model should become more common as direct federal housing development diminishes. (RJM)

Compares attempts at community development in Nigeria under English and French colonialism with postcolonial grass-roots efforts up to the post-cold war era. Suggests the need to rethink the structure and role of the state in society. (SK)

An ethnographic study of Kalhor nomads in Iran showed that the government's top-down approach to development and weak local institutions obscure the impact of technology on women and poor people. Despite rhetoric about participation, these groups are not consulted about their needs, priorities, and interests. (SK)

Makes use of action research, finding it to be the most useful research method in studying the phenomenon of ritual performance in the classroom. Concludes that the ritual process may appear to be complex and formal, yet much of this community building work is performed naturally by many teachers trusting their instincts in everyday situations all…

Describes how the University of Pennsylvania embraced the idea that urban institutions have an obligation to help sustain their surrounding communities. Penn's investment of intellectual, financial, and social capital not only created a more vibrant West Philadelphia, but also strengthened town-gown bonds and revived a spirit of activism on…

Contrasts activities and organizational structures of two Canadian community development initiatives: the Antigonish Movement and the Family of Cape Breton community development corporations. Finds ideological differences in the view of property and profit, governance and accountability, and role of education. Concludes that Antigonish is more…

Community workers should leave training with a foundation for liberatory practice. Their educational experience should be consistent with the rhetoric of community development; it should use learner-centered methods and transformative learning, and provide conditions in which learners can create their own knowledge. (SK)

The Australian state of Victoria has adopted a privatization approach to human services that is destroying the infrastructure of community services. Without a dynamic community services core, it is difficult for social citizenship to flourish. (SK)

Sociocultural animation is education promoting democratic values and empowerment for social regeneration. In its participatory approach, social change focus, and use of action research, it shares an agenda with adult education. (SK)

A participatory research project sought to define community education needs, locate resources, and ensure the sustainability of educational development. Results were used to expand Hall's participatory research model by describing the project through four perspectives: concrete (what was done), communicative (what was said), cognitive (what was…

Information and communications technologies have the potential to address community development issues, but initiatives to connect communities do not automatically ensure benefits. Social inclusion, identity, and power issues must be considered in design and implementation of initiatives. (SK)