A Study was conducted to determine the effects of saliency, concept rule, and stimulus variety upon number of trials to solution and focusing strategy. A prediction of special interest was that there would be a concept rule x saliency interaction. A 2 x 2 x 3 design combined concept rule (conjunctive, inclusive disjunctive), saliency ("high" and…

The purpose was to determine whether different levels of education, race, and sex affect the degree of conservation of mass, weight, and volume attained by minimally educated adults. Subjects were 30 white and 30 black females and 30 white and 30 black males enrolled in Adult Basic Education classes, with 40 subjects each at grade levels 0-3, 4-6,…

Aging is treated separately or in relation to continuing educational opportunities in each of the 35 documents annotated. The annotations vary from 75 to 350 words in length. Authors, catalog numbers (when available), publishers, paging, and prices (when available) are also given. (WL)

Utilizing data from 81 adult learners attending 6 different professional education courses in the Faculty of Education at Brandon University, this study attempts to identify: major sources of stimuli in the instructional setting that elicit anxiety; changes of anxiety level through the entire course period; and potent factors that either bring…

Some of the techniques that have been used in counseling adults to overcome their mathematics avoidance and anxiety are described. (MF)

Minimizing memory deficits involves using cues; establishing learning conditions that reduce interference and result in adequate time to respond; and using advance organizers. Minimizing noncognitive factors affecting learning involves using the discovery method of teaching; reducing anxiety; and limiting the use of evaluation. (Author)

Young (N=22) (age 17-21) and 22 old (age 60-74) men and women participated in an investigation designed to determine how differences in omission errors and performance in a serial learning task are accounted for by cautiousness. Cautiousness measures accounted for age differences in omission errors but not in performance. (Author)

This article raises questions about the universal valuing of behaviorism in workplace learning based on a review of trends in organizations in the postindustrial era and analyses of theorists within and outside the field who emphasize the importance of reflectivity and critical reflectivity in learning. (Author)

Suggestions are made for adult educators working with public officials: know your public officials, know your subject, know the procedures. Barriers peculiar to adult education programs are also examined: programs are varied and widely dispersed; adult learners' needs are varied; and programs that are offered are not understood by policymakers.…

Houle hypothesized three models of professional continuing learning: (1) inquiry, (2) instruction, and (3) performance. A study tested this typology with a population of staff nurses in a community hospital. A revised typology is proposed consisting of (1) inquiry, (2) performance, (3) group instruction, and (4) self-instruction. (Author/CH)

Describes the elements of an on-site, international program for adult learners, including (1) structured group activities; (2) time for reflection and introspection, (3) unstructured free time, and (4) addressing expectations of adult learners. (CH)

A conceptual basis for understanding the organization of continuing professional education across profession and type of parent institution is portrayed via three case studies of continuing professional education centers. The case studies reflect three orientations for organizing continuing professional education: a service orientation, an…

Characteristics of self-directed adult learners are contrasted with those resulting from the teacher-directed approaches found in many college classrooms. The self-directed learning potential of adults requires new approaches to teaching. (MT)

Compares a conventional method of basic mathematics instruction (mastery learning) with a structuralist approach using analogical reasoning. Pretest posttest results from three adult education classes show that analogical teaching is more effective in developing ability to think numerically. (SK)

This article is an introduction to how the Finnish Labor Administration has tried to minimize unemployment in Finland by vocational training, mainly in vocational course centers. (CT)