The study investigated relationships between type of prompt and type of task by teaching 32 mentally retarded adults two tasks (visual discrimination and a motoric assembly task) using two types of prompts (gestural and physical guidance). Results failed to support either the traditional response prompts hierarchy or the existence of a prompt-task…

A study determined the effects of signalling and note taking on recall of information and top level structure of text under immediate and delayed conditions. The subjects (180 undergraduate education students) were randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions--signals/notes, signals/no notes, no signals/notes, or no signals/no notes.…

A visual prompting procedure was instituted to train four mildly retarded elementary children to make purchases. Results indicated all students acquired coin skills taught during training, generalized skills to untrained items, and maintained skills over a four-week interval. Removal of visual prompts (fading) resulted in improvement for all…

Results showed that the graduated prompting procedure was effective in training reach-grasp responding in all three children; for one child, effects were durable over repeated treatment applications, but not maintained during withdrawals; for another child, the procedure was effective in teaching reach-grasp responding in all three positions.…

A prompt sequence beginning with a verbal prompt and physical assistance resulted in a significantly higher rate of self-initiated responses by 12 moderately/mildly retarded adults than two other sequences (giving verbal prompts while providing lessening amounts of physical assistance and giving lessening amounts of physical assistance. (Author/CL)

A cued recall procedure was employed to assess the effectiveness of implicit and explicit word prompts for sentence memory in children. The implicit cues were much less effective than the explicit cues for 6-7 year olds while the cue types did not differ for 11-12 year olds. (Author/DEP)

Data indicated that prompting was the better procedure to use for initial learning; confirmation treatment indicated that prior experience with the material was helpful. (Author)

The study assessed object permanence construct performance in 20 severely handicapped students (4 to 14 years old) who were differentiated by treatment (prompt) condition and motor ability level. Results revealed a trait (motor ability) x treatment interaction. (Author/SB)

The effects of three prompting sequences on the acquisition of independent living skills with 14 mild and moderately mentally retarded vocational rehabilitation clients (16 to 50 years old) are examined. (Author)

The study compared the efficiency between two pairs of training methods: Backward Chaining Preguidance (a backward order, using prompts) versus Backward Chaining Postguidance (a backward order, using feedback only); and Whole-Preguidance (a forward order, using prompts) versus Whole-Postguidance (a forward order, using feedback only) with 12…

Examined whether false belief recall in three-year olds is inaccessible without cues, and whether cue-aided recall is accompanied by insight. Six experiments varied a core procedure involving cues and child reports of and about their beliefs. Found that the ability to recall one's own false belief was attained around 3.5 years of age. (BC)

This study examined the effects of three time-press and three creative-prompt conditions on early vs. later trial originality scores for three divergent production stimuli with 91 undergraduate students. Findings indicated a higher frequency of originality scores for the latter portions of trials for all time-press and prompting conditions.…

A dichoptic masking procedure was used to test whether the mask-dependent cuing effects found in luminance detection by P. L. Smith (2000a) were due to integration masking or interruption masking. Attentional cuing enhanced detection sensitivity (d') when stimuli were backwardly masked with either dichoptic or monoptic masks, whereas no cuing…

It is very important for individuals with all kinds of developmental disabilities to learn skills in order to be independent at home. The purposes of the study were twofold; (1) to examine the effectiveness of caregiver-delivered home-based instruction using simultaneous prompting to children with moderate developmental disabilities on teaching…