The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of designing an instrument to obtain information about word associations with certain factors held stable. The instrument developed, Words in Pairs, consisted of 20 items, each item containing four words. The first eight items required the subject to pair a noun with another noun of the same…

PAVLOV (Paired Associate Verbal Learning Organizational Vehicle) is a Fortran coded program designed to facilitate the analysis of learning data. The program analyzes four classes of information parameters, list order, data format, and data. Utilizing this input, the program performs an in-depth measurement of several dependent variables for each…

A paired-associate task was given to 119 middle-class fourth and fifth graders to investigate the nature and development of mediational strategies in children's learning. Imagery and sentence mediators which linked the stimuli and responses of pictorial paired associates were either provided by an experimenter or generated by the children. While…

Twenty four educable retarded males (eight gainers, eight non-gainers, and eight high scorers) were given an 18-item picture paired-associates task. Results showed that gainers learned more slowly than high scorers but the two groups together did not differ from nongainers. The following two interpretations were offered. With a minimal memory…

This experiment tested the hypothesis that paired-associate learning accompanied by high arousal should lead to stronger permanent memory and weaker immediate memory than paired-associate learning accompanied by low arousal. During continuous recording of skin resistance and heart rate as measures of arousal, 32 Ss were given a one-trial,…

Extends the investigation of memory assessment to a situation in which memory performance on paired associate tasks varied with the use of different memory strategies. Subjects were 72 first, third, and fifth graders. (Author/MP)

The present study examined the effects of varying meaningfulness of response terms (low, medium, and high) in paired-associate learning of five-or seven-item lists over five trials with both experimenter-paced and self-paced conditions. The subjects were two groups of elderly adults, 61-75 and 76-92. (Author)

Presents a study of imagery induction during paired associate learning by preschool children. Studies the effect of experimenter-generated interactions between the stimulus pairs to be learned, self-generated interactions, and a combination of the two, on imagery induction. (BD/BR)

The relationship between complexity of learning strategy and performance of paired associate learning of 29 verbally gifted students (9-14 years old) was investigated. A comparison of strategies with those reported by nongifted students did not disclose qualitative differences. Gifted subjects did demonstrate great speed in acquiring and retaining…

Methodological and substantive issues concerning the relative efficacy of various kinds of verbal elaborations on the learning and reversal performance of paired noun items by 6- to 7-year-old children were studied. Results indicated that a verbal elaboration methodology could be a viable approach to studying discourse and other language-based…

Suggests that associations learned by rote or with imagery are unlearned at the same rate, but imagery is more effective than rote learning in reducing competition from irrelevant responses. (RB)

Confirms studies which have shown that rehearsal enhances recall if appropriate cues are related to the materials. (RB)