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Peer reviewed
Direct linkStainthorp, Rhona; Stuart, Morag; Powell, Daisy; Quinlan, Philip; Garwood, Holly – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2010
Two groups of 8- to 10-year-olds differing in rapid automatized naming speed but matched for age, verbal and nonverbal ability, phonological awareness, phonological memory, and visual acuity participated in four experiments investigating early visual processing. As low RAN children had significantly slower simple reaction times (SRT) this was…
Descriptors: Phonological Awareness, Visual Acuity, Reading Ability, Nonverbal Ability
Uebel, Henrik; Albrecht, Bjorn; Asherson, Philip; Borger, Norbert A.; Butler, Louise; Chen, Wai; Christiansen, Hanna; Heise, Alexander; Kuntsi, Jonna; Schafer, Ulrike; Andreou, Penny; Manor, Iris; Marco, Rafaela; Miranda, Ana; Mulligan, Aisling; Oades, Robert D.; van der Meere, Jaap; Faraone, Stephen V.; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be…
Descriptors: Siblings, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Cognitive Processes
Hilgenkamp, Thessa I. M.; van Wijck, Ruud; Evenhuis, Heleen M. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
A certain level of physical fitness is a prerequisite for independent functioning and self-care, but the level of physical fitness declines with ageing. This applies to older adult with intellectual disabilities too, but very little is known about their actual level of physical fitness. This lack of knowledge is partly caused by a lack of suitable…
Descriptors: Muscular Strength, Reaction Time, Physical Activities, Mental Retardation
Robidoux, Serje; Stolz, Jennifer; Besner, Derek – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2010
Two lexical decision experiments examined the joint effects of stimulus quality, semantic context, and cue-target associative strength when all factors were intermixed in a block of trials. Both experiments found a three-way interaction. Semantic context and stimulus quality interacted when associative strength between cue-target pairs was strong,…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Semantics, Cues, Word Recognition
Hoffman, Bobby – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
This study investigated the role of self-efficacy beliefs, mathematics anxiety, and working memory capacity in problem-solving accuracy, response time, and efficiency (the ratio of problem-solving accuracy to response time). Pre-service teachers completed a mathematics anxiety inventory measuring cognitive and affective dispositions for…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Self Efficacy, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory
Luk, Gigi; Anderson, John A. E.; Craik, Fergus I. M.; Grady, Cheryl; Bialystok, Ellen – Brain and Cognition, 2010
To examine the effects of bilingualism on cognitive control, we studied monolingual and bilingual young adults performing a flanker task with functional MRI. The trial types of primary interest for this report were incongruent and no-go trials, representing interference suppression and response inhibition, respectively. Response times were similar…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Inhibition, Young Adults, Monolingualism
Kinjo, Hikari – International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 2010
Although much literature suggests that the age-related decline in episodic memory could be due to difficulties in binding features of information, previous studies focused mainly on memory of paired associations rather than memory of multiple bound features. In reality, however, there are many situations that require binding multiple features…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Short Term Memory, Memorization, Aging (Individuals)
Rivera, Semilla M.; Bates, Elizabeth A.; Orozco-Fegueroa, Araceli; Wicha, Nicole Y. Y. – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2010
Verbs are one of the basic building blocks of grammar, yet few studies have examined the grammatical, morphological, and phonological factors contributing to lexical access and production of Spanish verb inflection. This report describes an online data set that incorporates psycholinguistic dimensions for 50 of the most common early-acquired…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Psycholinguistics, Verbs, Spanish
Duyck, Wouter; Anseel, Frederik; Szmalec, Arnaud; Mestdagh, Pascal; Tavernier, Antoine; Hartsuiker, Robert J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
In current cognitive psychology, naming latencies are commonly measured by electronic voice keys that detect when sound exceeds a certain amplitude threshold. However, recent research (e.g., K. Rastle & M. H. Davis, 2002) has shown that these devices are particularly inaccurate in precisely detecting acoustic onsets. In this article, the authors…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Acoustics, Cognitive Psychology, Auditory Perception
Hajcak, Greg; Simons, Robert F. – Brain and Cognition, 2008
To understand the sequealae of action monitoring failures, most previous studies have focused on neural (e.g., the ERN and Pe) and behavioral (e.g., post-error slowing) measures associated with correct trials that precede and follow errors. However, trials that precede and follow errors are not always correct, and no study to date has examined RT…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Error Patterns, Behavior Modification, Responses
Akcay, Caglar; Hazeltine, Eliot – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
The dependence of the Simon effect on the correspondence of the previous trial can be explained by the conflict-monitoring theory, which holds that a control system adjusts automatic activation from irrelevant stimulus information (conflict adaptation) on the basis of the congruency of the previous trial. The authors report on 4 experiments…
Descriptors: Conflict, Cognitive Processes, Reaction Time, Stimuli
Ratcliff, Roger; Schmiedek, Florian; McKoon, Gail – Intelligence, 2008
The worst performance rule for cognitive tasks [Coyle, T.R. (2003). IQ, the worst performance rule, and Spearman's law: A reanalysis and extension. "Intelligence," 31, 567-587] in which reaction time is measured is the result that IQ scores correlate better with longer (i.e., 0.7 and 0.9 quantile) reaction times than shorter (i.e., 0.1 and 0.3…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Intelligence Quotient, Correlation, Models
Barth, Hilary C. – Cognition, 2008
Evidence from human cognitive neuroscience, animal neurophysiology, and behavioral research demonstrates that human adults, infants, and children share a common nonverbal quantity processing system with nonhuman animals. This system appears to represent both discrete and continuous quantity, but the proper characterization of the relationship…
Descriptors: Number Concepts, Reaction Time, Information Processing, Pattern Recognition
Li, Degao; Gao, Kejuan; Zhang, Yue; Wu, Xueyun – American Annals of the Deaf, 2011
Inspired by a previous study of Korean deaf and hard of hearing adolescents, the researchers conducted a priming task of living-nonliving categorization with a sample of Chinese deaf and hard of hearing adolescents. The sample in this study had significantly lower accuracy levels for the thematically related items than for the taxonomically…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Deafness, Hearing Impairments, Pictorial Stimuli
Fitzpatrick, Tess; Izura, Cristina – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2011
Word association responses in first-language (L1) Spanish and second-language (L2) English were investigated by means of response latencies and types of associative response produced. The primary aims were to establish whether (a) some response types are produced more often or faster than others, (b) participants' L2 response time profiles mirror…
Descriptors: Priming, Cues, Reaction Time, Language Processing
