This book examines the science and politics of cognitive sex differences, reflecting theories and research in the area over the past several years. Eight chapters discuss: (1) "Introduction and Overview" (e.g., theoretical approaches, values and science, and terminology); (2) "Searching for Sex Differences in Cognitive…

This paper describes the development of an interoperable meta-database system--a system of applications using metadata--that is intended to facilitate learner-centered collaboration, access to learning resources, and the fitness of channels of information to the emerging needs of learners at both individual and group levels. Highlights include:…

This book presents 65 programs that are readily available in most school districts and communities and assesses each program's potential for serving the needs of talented students, based on levels of content acceleration, in-depth topic immersion, and interest exploration. The book begins by discussing hidden programs that are already in schools…

This action research paper describes a program initiated by teacher researchers to improve academic achievement and interest in social studies. The targeted group consisted of fifth graders in a lower middle class community in the Midwest. Analysis of the problem-causes data show three main factors: curriculum, attitude, and effect. In regard to…

This book presents the history of Project Spectrum, a 10-year research project dedicated to developing an alternative approach to curriculum and assessment that respects the diverse interests and abilities that children bring to the preschool and early elementary classroom. The first chapter presents Spectrum's theoretical roots--David Henry…

This action research project investigated a modified integrated curriculum for students in a multiage classroom who lacked personal and social skills. The lack of such skills in the prekindergarten through first-grade students was documented by means of teacher observations, summary reports, daily behavior reports, student portfolios, discussions…

Children develop emotional intelligence during the early years of life, and according to some experts, emotional intelligence is a more reliable predictor of academic achievement than is IQ. However, today's children appear to be low on emotional well-being. This has potentially negative consequences, not only for academic achievement but also for…

Lower birth weight babies have worse outcomes, both short-run in terms of one year mortality rates and longer run in terms of educational attainment and earnings. However, recent research has called into question whether birth weight itself is important or whether it simply reflects other hard-to-measure characteristics. By applying within twin…

Investigated the academic and intellectual performance of disadvantaged children who had experienced one of four types of prekindergarten program or no prekindergarten at all. IQ measures did not differ significantly among preschool program groups, but differential effects in the three grades, related to both preschool program and sex, were noted…

Korean schoolchildren referred for psychological evaluation because of behavioral/emotional problems were subjected to a battery of tests, and half of the subjects were found to need special placement, while the other half were handicapped only by English-language difficulties. The bilingual evaluation was found useful in planning individual…

Examines whether individual intelligence tests such as the WISC-R are biased against Hispanic school-aged children. Discusses three common but faulty notions of test bias, and advances a psychometric definition of bias. Analyzes evidence regarding external and internal validity. Presents guidelines for intellectual assessment of bilingual…

This study investigated the interactive effects on performance and motivation of four motivational aptitudes and two cognitive aptitudes with a choice versus no-choice treatment manipulation in grades 4-5. Three sets of simple regression results highlighted the differential effects of treatment on individuals versus classes. (Author/RL)

Examines seven multimedia science projects in elementary and secondary schools. Discusses science attitudes and understanding, student responsibility for learning, gender equity, constructivism, multiple intelligences, learning and attitudes, and recommendations for teachers. (LRW)

This study evaluated the usefulness of perinatal medical status, environmental risk, and infant developmental status as predictors of low IQ at age 4 among 70 4-year-olds who had been in a neonatal intensive care unit at birth. It found family environment the most predictive, 18-month developmental assessments somewhat useful, and perinatal health…

Describes Iowa's use of the term "mental disability" rather than mental retardation and an IQ cutoff score of 85 for classification of mental disability. Revised draft guidelines for the identification of mental disability are presented that contain four criteria, including an IQ cutoff score of 75. (CR)