The 1940 school discipline list, a "national teacher survey" of the top seven offenses has been extensively cited by outspoken school critics. The list, along with its 1990 counterpart, has been traced to T. Cullen Davis, a wealthy Texas businessman-turned evangelical Christian/education lobbyist. The conflation of school discipline with social…

Although sympathetic to the philosophic goal of developing an adequacy conception, this article questions that goal's feasibility for any but the earliest primary grade levels. Suggested reform strategies are a grab bag of untested ideas. As evidence from the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) project shows, little progress has been made in…

Reflects on the process of problem solving in the particular case of light reflection physics and abstracts objectives, methods, and values that can help identify and solve problems in the human sciences and judge the value of those solutions using the Strategy Learner, Interactive Model as an example. (11 references) (MKR)

Discusses problems in analyzing change in nonexperimental data. Tests three ordinary least-squares regression models to illustrate similarities/differences. Notes that model based on raw difference change scores applies best to studying change processes; model based on outcome scores applies best to assessing consequences of change; and model…

Explored three methods of accounting for case manager effects in tests of efficacy of mental health services (case manager as fixed factor, case manager as random factor, service effects within case manager). Results provide support for effects attributable to case managers and some support for efficacy of habilitation-rehabilitation and community…

Illustrates ways that the work of some communication scholars with resistant, oppositional, and critical audiences does not, however, endorse active public life. Attempts to realign the language of critical viewing with the goals of participatory democracy by suggesting qualities of critical viewing that are conducive to achieving and maintaining…

Investigates the amount of disclosure by undergraduate psychology students concerning their experience as research participants. Examines students' anticipated disclosure, and actual disclosure rates immediately after experiments and following a two-week interval. Shows disclosure rates were highest (85 percent) when students were promised…

Deplores the dearth of a national policy for secondary school reorganization in Great Britain. Although "bottom-up" research has its uses, a "top-down" research plan would produce a critical mass of material for generalization and the formulation and testing of general hypotheses about educational policymaking. (MLH)

Portland, Oregon's "African-American Baseline Essays," widely used in creating multicultural curricula, inaccurately depicts ancient Egyptians as black people and Olmec civilization as derived from African influences. The authors advance racial theories long abandoned by mainline Africa scholars, attribute mystical powers to pyramids,…

Reports findings from a study of the confidence expressed by ministry-level decision makers in five developing countries (i.e., Somalia, Botswana, Liberia, Yemen, and Nepal) about the quality of the national-level education data available to them and reasons for the perceived 16-40 percent error rate. (DMM)

Data from several studies indicated that most children understood what they were asked to do in psychological studies. Few under the age of 12 years believed their performance would be confidential. Many children believed there would be negative consequences if they ended their participation. Parental permission added pressure on children to…

This paper argues that behavior analysis is not technological to a fault, but rather has a faulty technology by being incomplete. The paper examines reinforcers and punishers that result from the outcomes of either (1) striving for better experimental control, or (2) inventing theories to explain why current control is imperfect. (JDD)

Notes inconsistencies in drug abuse prevention research findings related to such issues as study design and methodology. Presents consensus recommendations made by drug abuse prevention researchers and practitioners who met at National Institute on Drug Abuse in 1989. Includes specific recommendations directed to modifying prevention approaches;…

This paper summarizes results of a survey of 256,000 individuals in Spain which sought to identify those individuals with impairments, disabilities, and handicaps. The paper also examines the usefulness of the World Health Organization's classification. Results are discussed in terms of prevalence of disability, age, sex, common impairments,…

Reviews social-work research concerning the differences between rural and urban practice, how rural social workers feel about their practice, and what needs to be taught in professional social-work schools. Suggests a more useful agenda for social-work research. Describes a West Virginia study that identified the research interests of the human…