Two strings of letters were presented. Subjects were instructed to indicate whether the second string contained the same elements as the first, regardless of position. Reaction time increased with the number of positions that the letters were displaced. Results indicate that order may be an important factor in retrieval from memory. (Author/BW)

Adults' geometric analogy solution was investigated as a function of systematic variations in the information structure of items. Latency data from verification of true and false items were recorded. A model incorporating assumptions about the form of item representation, working memory factors, and processing components and strategies was…

Results of a study indicated that, as age increased from seven to 20 years, reaction time decreased, with males having a more rapid reaction time than females. Beginning at age 10 or 11, subjects developed better motor plans and relied less on rapid reaction time to achieve good anticipation time. (FG)

Reports on three experiments designed to determine when inferential elaborations dealing with instruments and consequences of action were made--at comprehension or retrieval. (HOD)

Seven- and eight-year-olds, representing a wide range of locus of control scores, practiced one of three self-verbalization treatments of behavioral rule learning: overt speech, covert speech, or a combination of both. Latency scores in the toy temptation test were highest for the combination treatment group. (SJL)

Explored the relationship among conceptual tempo, age, sex, and performance of preschool children on the visual association subtest of the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities. (Author/DB)

Following trials in which children self-administered prizes, subjects in the stringent-demand group performed significantly better, during both the incentive and the extinction conditions, on time at task, number of correct problems, and number of problems attempted, than did subjects in lenient-demand and control groups. (Author/CP)

Ten dyslexic boys and 10 matched controls were asked to draw a person and write a composition. The two groups are compared on time spent on tasks, number of words written, and proportions of spelling and grammatical errors. (SJL)

An expectancy hypothesis of the psychological refractory period (PRP) was tested as an alternative to an arousal hypothesis to explain retarded persons' longer reaction times, using 24 retarded adolescents, 24 nonretarded adolescents matched for chronological age, and 24 nonretarded children matched for mental age (MA). (Author)

Investigates performance of 8, 10, 12 year olds and adults on cognitive tasks in terms of several processing-speed measures, each of which may change independently with age. Results underscore the complexity of developmental change in processing efficiency. (Author/RH)

The notion that elderly adults respond more slowly than younger adults in order to ensure accuracy was investigated. The Matching Familiar Figures Test was administered to 10 males and 10 females from each of the following age groups: 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years old. (Author/SS)

Second-grade children, third-grade children, and adults judged whether pictures were members of a positive or negative memory set while trying to ignore irrelevant words printed inside the pictures. (JMB)

Subjects read a passage and were questioned about the location or content of certain items in the passage. Performance was measured by monitoring response latencies and eye fixations. Apparently the locative information provides an index to the spatial distribution of sentences in the passage. (Author/RC)

When shown a pair of digits and asked to select the larger of the two, subjects make their choice more quickly as the numerical difference between the digits increases. Presents and tests a semantic coding model that can explain this and all previous results. (Editor)

If intentional forgetting is to be understood, research must focus on the specification of exactly how memory search and decision processes are altered when a subject is instructed to forget. This research addresses that problem. (Author/RK)