The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of motivation, volition and belief change strategies, implemented with personal and group email messages, on students' attitudes, study habits and achievement in a calculus course for non-mathematics majors. Eighty four undergraduates enrolled in a calculus course received emails over a…

The study of conflict has dominated psychological research on marriage. This article documents its move from center stage, outlining how a broader canvas accommodates a richer picture of marriage. A brief sampling of new constructs such as forgiveness and sacrifice points to an organizing theme of transformative processes in emerging marital…

Prior studies of hypnotic treatment of smoking have reported abstinence rates of between 17 and 88 percent at six months, but few have investigated procedures or forms of suggestions. To compare the effectiveness of positive and negative hypnotic suggestions and self-hypnosis for cessation of smoking, 32 subjects were assigned to one of four…

The influence of the presence and novelty of an adult stranger on the reactions of 36 full-term year-old infants was investigated. Subjects were placed near their mothers in a room containing a new toy and either the same, a different, or no adult stranger for eight 4-minute trials. (Author/GO)

Intended for parents of exceptional children, the paper presents a model for bringing a child's undesirable behavior at home under control with a minimum of time and effort. The major component of the model is the Parent-Child Accomplishment Record (PCAR), which lists five behaviors: "I followed all directions given to me on the first…

A study examined the feasibility and replicability of informational and reinforcement strategies designed to increase safety belt use in a university setting. The findings revealed moderate increases in safety belt use over repeated observations. (CB)

Effects of a differential reinforcement of other behavior procedures (DRO) on the stereotypic responses and task performance of three autistic youth during dyadic instruction were examined. The procedures effectively reduced the stereotypic behavior of two children and substantially increased the task performance of the two lowest performance…

Conducted a pilot study which combined nicotine-fading and relapse prevention with smokers (N=30) and compared this program to conditions where subjects (N=46) received nicotine-fading or relapse prevention only. Results showed no difference among groups in abstinence or rate at any follow-up point. (LLL)

Each occurrence of pica (ingestion of inedible objects) in two profoundly retarded adults was followed by either overcorrection or physical restraint. Although both procedures reduced the occurrence of pica and had a similar effect on collateral behaviors, physical restraint was clinically more effective in terms of immediate response reduction.…

A method for inducing underachievers to improve their academic performance is discussed. (CK)