A battery of information processing measures and psychometric tests of specific and general cognitive abilities was administered to 34 monozygotic and 13 dizygotic reared apart twin pairs or triplets. Correlations between information processing parameters and psychometric abilities as well as twin resemblances for the information processing…

Explored gender differences in performance on Piagetian tasks of horizontality and verticality, in a stratified random sample of 192 Igbo primary school, secondary school, and university students. Some results supported previous findings on sex differences in reference task performance, but other findings did not fit the predicted pattern. (GC)

Compares a conventional method of basic mathematics instruction (mastery learning) with a structuralist approach using analogical reasoning. Pretest posttest results from three adult education classes show that analogical teaching is more effective in developing ability to think numerically. (SK)

Five studies were carried out to analyze role of short-term storage in reading of organized text. By interrupting the subject's reading with a distractor task, information that was being carried in short-term storage was removed. It was found that this interruption effect could be countered by giving the subject the last one or two sentences that…

Studies the much-debated issue of the role of rote, repetitive rehearsal (maintenance rehearsal) on the establishment of memory traces that outlast the rehearsal process itself. Results show that there is an effect of maintenance rehearsal on long-term recognition performance and that this effect depends on the mental resources devoted to the…

Reviews research on learning style and explains why it is important for educators to become aware of this research. (FL)

Illustrates the ways in which clients in career counseling think about the types of change in their career lives and about the determinants of change. Analyzes interview data of 16 adult clients. Proposes two category systems as representative of the clients' thinking about change in these domains. (Author)

Presents the results of an exploratory study of Latin-American university students' preferences for studying and interacting with their professors. Results indicated significant differences between the preferred learning styles of Anglo-Americans and Latin Americans. No differences were noted between graduates and undergraduates. (BL)

Considers two approaches to individualizing instruction: describes Team-Assisted Individualization, a program that individualizes instruction with minimal additional support while maintaining teacher responsibility and encouraging student interaction; and reviews analyses of adaptive instruction, noting requirements for success, similarities with…

Investigated the relationship between sex-role orientation and cognitive preferential response style. Although masculine and androgynous individuals were expected to demonstrate extratensive and intraversive cognitive styles, respectively, no such distinction was apparent. However, feminine individuals did demonstrate an ambitent response style.…

Discusses research which suggests that language learning occurs by learning the regularities inherent in the semantic system and not by learning any regularities present in the syntax system. (EKN)

Reviews existing literature relevant to cognitive issues in training. Discusses the effects of various cognitive attributes, examines the impact of various cognitive training strategies on trainee performance, and addresses methodological issues that have served to limit research activity. (LLL)

Analysis of learning style, error clusters, and grade equivalents of 53 delinquent adolescents and 51 junior high students revealed significant differences in type and prevalence of multiple error clusters within eight educational skill areas and across eight combined skills. Significantly higher prevalence of school problems among delinquents was…

Examined the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children protocols of 94 special education students longitudinally. As predicted, subjects had lower IQ equivalent scores on Bannatyne's Sequencing Ability category than on the WISC and WISC-R, confirming that mildly retarded children and learning disabled children have qualitatively similar learning…

Examined the level of perceptual differentiation of 42 young adult drug addicts. Analysis of variance showed that addicts, like alcoholics, were less perceptually differentiated than normals. Correlational and/or multivariate procedures yielded significant relationships between differentiation, verbal and abstraction abilities, likelihood of…