This research attempted to answer the question of why play is enjoyable and drew on the personal experiences of a variety of people for its conclusions. (RK)

Author attempted to enlighten the public to the pitfalls of psychotherapy and put the burden of credibility upon the psychotherapist to show that their work is better than no treatment at all. (RK)

A psychosynthetic model of personality was presented as well as several inferences for an eclectic but systematic approach to psychotherapy which embraces a variety of methods, can be ordered in a reasonable sequence, and used within a therapist-client relationship which is existentially structured. (Author/RK)

The "quantum jump" is the jump from outdoor education and conservation education to the broader and somewhat different concept of environmental education. (JC)

This paper will examine the use of software environments and dynamic visualization in mathematics education. This examination will be based on theoretical papers and research reports from substantial literature on visualization. How the term "visualization" is used in mathematics education field is also discussed. The thesis of this…

Article investigated how we can achieve an openness to the arting situation which does not impose in advance our own categories upon it. (Author/RK)

Authors believed that sharper definitions of open education can keep the current movement authentic to its early consensus ideals while avoiding dogma, orthodoxy, discipleships: charisma, and latter-day carpetbagging. (Author/RK)

In this article, Richard Barwell comments on "Mathematics as Social: Understanding Relationships between Home and School Numeracy Practices," [Baker, Street, and Tomlin 23(3)]. In their article, Baker, Street, and Tomlin give an example of a numeracy event, in which Aayesha, a young informant from a South Asian background, counts on her…

This column examines the term "variable rules," which accounts for patterning in language. Variable rules can show variation in the structural description and/or in the process involved in the rule. (SW)

The paper reviews the literature of the last 25 years to determine the accepted definitions of giftedness, underachievement, and gifted underachiever. The evolution of the concepts of giftedness and underachievement is recounted and various definitions are compared. The paper describes an attempt made to locate, by further review, useful…

This ERIC Digest explores factors that affect creativity in children and techniques for fostering this quality. The need to study creativity and the definition of creativity within a developmental framework are also discussed. Six ways adults can encourage children's creativity are listed. It is pointed out that adults can encourage creativity by…

An analysis of four foundational issues in the study of moral development is provided. The four issues involve: (1) the definition of morality; (2) individual or cultural moral variation; (3) moral ontogeny; and (4) moral epistemology. The first section of the paper describes each issue. The second section is based on the argument that the four…

The paper addresses the implications for mentally retarded children of three trends: (1) prevention, research, and curative approaches; (2) normalization; and (3) the reduction of the mentally retarded population by definition. Future preventive measures which will reduce moderate and severe retardation in the U.S. population are envisioned to…

The paper examines theoretical issues regarding the symptomatology of echolalia in the language of visually impaired children. Literature on echolalia is reviewed from a variety of perspectives and clinical work and research with visual impairment and with autism is discussed. Problems of definition are cited, and explanations for occurrence of…

Confusion, misinterpretations, and conflicting theoretical beliefs seem to be characteristic of language assessment practices. Much of the confusion and misrepresentation are due to the great variety of terms used in the language assessment process and to incomplete definitions of these terms and their operations. In an attempt to clarify the…