The estimation of mean and standard errors of the eigenvalues and category quantifications in generalized non-linear canonical correlation analysis (OVERALS) is discussed. Starting points are the delta method equations. The jackknife and bootstrap methods are compared for providing finite difference approximations to the derivatives. Examining the…

Canonical correlation analysis is a powerful statistical method subsuming other parametric significance tests as special cases, and which can often best honor the complex reality to which most researchers wish to generalize. However, it has been suggested that the canonical correlation coefficient is positively biased. A Monte Carlo study…

Cognitive science has recently emerged as a new interdisciplinary field incorporating parts of psychology, computer science, philosophy, neuroscience, and linguistics. Its goal is to bring the theoretical and methodological resources of the contributing disciplines to bear on an integrated investigation of thought, meaning, language, perception,…

This report investigates the appropriateness of using the General Technical (GT) composite of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) as a reenlistment criterion. Three aptitude measures, all ASVAB composites, were compared to measures of proficiency in job performance: the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT), the GT, and the…

The overall poor quality of educational software on the market suggests that educators must continue efforts to evaluate available packages and to disseminate their findings. In this paper, weaknesses in published evaluation procedures are identified, and an alternative model, the York Educational Software Evaluation Scale (YESES), is described.…

This paper points out that there are certain generalizations about directions for guessing and methods of scoring that require that data be derived from random groups design. It supports the viewpoint that it is neither sufficient nor appropriate to make such generalizations on the basis of an analysis of scores obtained from the answer sheets of…

Since research indicates that young children influence their mothers and that mothers may exert indirect influences on their children's language learning, this correlational, longitudinal study was conducted to identify indirect routes through which early maternal speech was related to later child language development. Participants were 10…

It is noted that research concerning correlates of academic achievement has mainly concentrated on such variables as education and occupation of parents, student personality variables, school-related variables, and racial background of students. However, this study focused on the relationship between student achievement in a given subject with…

Do choice-type tests (multiple-choice, true-false, etc.) measure the same abilities or traits as free response (essay, recall, completion, etc.) tests? A large number of studies conducted with several different methodologies and spanning a long period of time have addressed this question. In this review, attention will be focused almost…

To develop and test a model for both describing and predicting Iowa school districts' pupil transportation costs, the author first tested the generalizability of a 1980 study by McAvoy of 37 Iowa districts and then identified independent variables that would explain Iowa pupil transportation costs. Data were gathered on all 447 Iowa districts for…

The problem of change scores' correlation with initial status and the problem of low reliability in the measurement of change are addressed. By treating the correlation between initial status and change as a design problem rather than a statistical issue, research questions can be formulated in terms of changes in the shapes of growth curves…

A review of cross-validation shrinkage formulas is presented which focuses on the theoretical and practical problems in the use of various formulas. Practical guidelines for use of both formulas and empirical cross-validation are provided. A comparison of results using these formulas in a range of situations is then presented. The result of these…

In winter 1984, a study was conducted at North Seattle Community College to determine the correlation between students' reading levels and final grades in courses for which there were no prerequisites. The Stanford Reading Test was administered in 7 humanities course sections and 10 course sections from other disciplines. Study findings, based on…