Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are becoming increasingly popular in online education environments and have multiple pedagogical advantages over more traditional approaches to education. VLEs include 3D worlds where students can engage in simulated learning activities such as Second Life. According to Claudia L'Amoreaux at Linden Lab, "at…

The current trend in First Year Experience (FYE) courses is to add critical thinking through reading and writing. Research now suggests this design for a learning strategy based FYE course improves retention rates. This paper provides methods of incorporating critical thinking through reading and learning into the FYE course curriculum through a…

This article discusses why it has become considerably more difficult for the rising generations to enter the system of social and civic relations in today's Kazakh society. This situation is due to the transition from the Soviet model of socialization (which was unitary in terms of its normative character, with equal starting social opportunities…

This article examines recent UK government policy and proposals relating to immigration and citizenship, and the ways in which these policies are presented as means of securing allegiance and integration. From 1997, the incoming Labour government emphasized the importance of informed, active citizenship and social justice. From 2001, the emphasis…

The purpose of this study was to examine and better understand the social cognitive effects of digital technology on teenagers' brains and their socialization processes, as well as to learn best practices with regard to digital technology consumption. An extensive literature review was conducted on the social cognitive effects of digital…

Social well-being is essential to overall health and quality of life for all children, youth, and adults. However, children and youth with disabilities are often at higher risk for experiencing lower levels of social, and related emotional, well-being than their peers without disabilities. They are among those more likely to be bullied and…

This bibliography is intended to serve as a guide to information about women's participation in American politics. Emphasis is on materials published since 1965, but landmark works published earlier are also included. Many documents are from unpublished sources; information on obtaining them is available from the Center for the American Woman and…

The broad problem area of the relation of education to democracy, dealing primarily with the thought of the "opportunist" wing of French democracy in the early Third Republic (1870-c. 1890), is the focus of this study. It endeavors to find out why the politicians and educators who contributed to development of the primary school believed…

The purpose of this study is to compare the relative impact of communication structures and the utility of sixteen sources of orientations in the development concepts related to peace and war among high school students. 197 students from Seattle, Washington and 227 from Vancouver, British Columbia were asked to respond to four open-ended questions…

Discusses socio-civic education as it occurs in schools and nonschool social organizations. Advocates a cooperation between these institutions to promote civic attitudes and behaviors needed by young citizens in today's society. Lists several interrelated factors affecting and methods for improving citizenship education. (AEM)

Moral education, focusing on Korean cultural values and anti-communism, is part of the required school curriculum in the Republic of Korea. This report discusses the background, objectives, and content of the moral education program, as well as teacher training, time allotments at each grade level, and teaching methods. (SJL)

To test the hypothesis that social rearing may induce malleability, socially reared and socially isolated mallard duck, "Anas platyrhynchos," embryos and hatchlings were exposed to the maternal call of a chicken, "Gallus gallus domesticus," until 48 h after hatching. The hatchlings were then tested with the chicken call versus…

Prior research has found that proactive and reactive aggression differentially relate to many variables, including peer relations. However, no research has examined the relation between proactive and reactive aggression and peer delinquency, an important proximal predictor of adolescent antisocial behavior. The current study examined the…

The purpose of the study was to examine how socialization processes (socialization tactics and proactive behavior) jointly affect socialization content (i.e., what newcomers learn) and adjustment. Longitudinal survey data from 150 business and engineering graduates during their first 7 months of work indicate that: (1) institutionalized…

In this paper we ask whether individuals decide that people are generally trustworthy or untrustworthy by extrapolating from their experiences in localized interactions or whether a more fixed predisposition drives assessments of trustworthiness. These two contrasting theoretical perspectives on generalized trust can be translated into empirically…