Reviews the properties and consequences of the Principle of Contrast. It is argued that this principle accounts for the acquisition of irregular forms in morphology and that it plays a crucial role in the acquisition of allomorphy. (62 references) (GLR)

Presents a model that distinguishes between data as directly observable facts, information as structured collections of data, and knowledge as methods of using information. The discussion covers the likely benefits of the use of the model for a semantic information retrieval system using the concept of semantic categories. (28 references)…

The article examines advances and remaining psychometric problems in social skills assessment technology for students with learning disabilities. Assessment is related to a proposed definition of learning disabilities by the Interagency Committee on Learning Disabilities which identifies social skills deficits as a primary learning disability. (DB)

Provides an overview of research on infant and child emotion regulation, beginning with consideration of emotion as a set of responses to particular stimuli. Emotion regulation is the process through which activation in one response domain serves to alter, titrate, or modulate activation in another response domain. (RH)

Describes a dictionary game, adapted from the game "Balderdash," which builds skills in vocabulary and dictionary use, creative writing, and impromptu speaking, and simultaneously develops the ability to evaluate definitions critically. (MM)

Discusses specific learning strategy tactics for acquiring verbal knowledge basic to certain disciplines, procedural skills (reading, using language, and problem solving), and self-motivation techniques applicable to all types of learning situations. All three tactics are necessary for creating a well-structured knowledge base. Includes 21…

Investigation of the relationship between a statistically determined severe discrepancy between expected and actual achievement levels and subsequent labeling of 733 students as learning disabled found only a slight majority of labeled students manifesting a severe discrepancy suggesting this criterion is inconsistently applied in making…

Examines the definition and history of artificial intelligence (AI) and investigates the body of literature on AI found in "Library Literature" and "Library and Information Science Abstracts." The results reported include the number of articles by year and per journal, and the percentage of articles dealing with library…

The article examines the nature of leadership, ways to make leadership at the university level more effective, university training for leaders of the gifted and talented, training gifted students for leadership, and the view of leadership as a special type of giftedness. (DB)

Four writers (Yerker Andersson, Trevor Johnston, Leila Monaghan, and Brian Street) respond to Graham Turner's discussion of deaf culture, considering labeling categories and approaches to definitions of "deaf culture." (Contains 24 references.) (LB)

Turner's responses to discussion of deaf culture cover these topics: deaf perspective; approaches to description; transparency and explicitness; labeling; historical awareness; and "thinking beyond." (Contains seven references.) (LB)

Definitions of adult education were analyzed in "Adult Education Quarterly" and its predecessors, 1929-1992, and in a professional association's handbook series, 1934-1990. Definitions clustered into three categories representing the field's development: (1) 1929-1945, no single definition, more inclusiveness; (2) 1946-1979, definition sought as…

This reprint (from a 1961 article) and excerpt (from a 1977 paper) recommend definitions of various terms in the field of mental retardation, such as subaverage, organic retardation, and functional retardation and argue that incidence and prevalence estimates of mental retardation vary so remarkably and change so frequently to fit certain…

Reviews the Intimate Friendship Scale based on 16 studies relevant to children and preadolescents. Presents the conceptual background of the test. Addresses questions regarding the scale and suggests directions for future research. (DR)

Introduces a special "Kappan" issue on caring as an identifiable factor in youngsters' environments and interpersonal relationships. Outlines trends and research concerning the caring concept, the family's role, caring's protective dimensions (to combat obstacles such as poverty and family problems), caring environments, and youth…