A teacher shortage survey was conducted in the fall of the 1988-89 school year in Connecticut to determine whether a critical shortage of teachers exists in particular areas of certification. Determination of shortage areas is based on the number of teacher vacancies, new certificates issued by the Department of Education during the previous year,…

This critical appraisal of North American doctoral programs contends that the degree is a seriously flawed academic institution. Recent scholarship and personal experiences are utilized to illustrate the contention that doctoral programs are inflexible, cumbersome, restrictive and wasteful, and, in most fields, do more harm than good. The history…

This manual explains the policies and procedures which guide the process of certification of teachers, special service personnel, and administrators in North Carolina. Key terminology is defined, regulations are clarified, exceptions to rules are noted as applicable, program areas are described, and appropriate forms for use in the application…

Language policy and planning has become a major concern of applied linguistics. Most language planning is institutional and not systemic, planning not the forms of the language but the relationship between the language and the individuals who use it. Institutional language planning, policy formation, provides the context for systemic language…

Several scholars in the field of teacher education recently have proposed the use of cases as a pedagogical strategy in teacher education. In this paper, Wilson discusses her preliminary attempts at using a case to teach prospective teachers about the role that subject matter knowledge plays in pedagogical thinking. The author begins the paper by…

This paper presents arguments for the notion that as a field of study, educational administration is necessarily undergoing change and development within the context of the culture in which it is being studied. For this reason the paper concludes that the field cannot justifiably be viewed as producing conclusive end products (rules for effective…

It is a good thing for the field of applied linguistics to adopt experimental methods of research where appropriate and to think more in terms of testable models of second language processing. However, there is a threat of psycholinguistics becoming the parent discipline, most likely temporary, of applied linguistics. This would be unwise for two…

Procedures used by 55 faculty in the evaluation of students in various academic areas in Indiana University were studied. The majority of respondents taught undergraduates, were male, and were experienced, full-time faculty. Business faculty used primarily essay tests and research papers, while physical science faculty used mostly objective tests,…

A study is reported in which the career satisfaction and sense of personal reward of college professors was examined. The study affirmed the value of the academic life felt by the respondents and revealed the capacity of the two primary tasks of teaching and research to commit individuals to the academic cause and thereby infuse life with meaning.…

A study of grading practices at Christopher Newport College (Virginia) was conducted, using as data the grades awarded from 1979 to 1986. Differences between "in-department" and "out-of-department" grades were also analyzed, for all students enrolled in courses in more than one department. Results included the following: (1)…

Methods of optimizing instruction through the use of course knowledge portrayal methods were studied, based on a series of experiments conducted over 6 years. Sixteen university courses in the sciences, social sciences, and humanities were investigated through the application of cognitive theory to instruction. Attention was first focused on…

The Swedish National Board of Universities and Colleges' research on higher education program is discussed. The program's primary aim is to encourage discussion of the content, form, and effect of higher education activities. After outlining the distinctive properties and values of the program, the following main content areas of research are…

The purposes of this paper are: (1) to develop an understanding of three ways in which thinking and the development of foundational knowledge take place; (2) to identify a number of pertinent, empirically grounded examples of educational phenomena related to selected disciplines within the foundations of education; (3) to apply these three ways of…

The results of a study assessing departmental plans for hardware and software acquisitions, faculty development activities, and curricular modifications aimed at increasing student computer literacy at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) are reported. The study involved reviewing departmental definitions of computer literacy generated…

Linguistics is on the verge of becoming an experimental discipline; an undergraduate major tailored to reflect this can attract a wider range of students, relate linguistics subject matter to the real world in a more exciting way, challenge students to address more deeply the problems of philosophy and philosophy of science than in some other…