Facilitating productive mathematical argumentation is challenging; it is critical to develop a specific guiding vision of practices to help teachers learn to teach argumentation. However, what counts as acceptable classroom-based mathematical argumentation remains an open question. In this study, building on Habermas' theory of communicative…

The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of professional development in changing two middle school science teachers' questioning to include more questions that require deeper student responses. The professional development was based on ICAP theory which proposes a framework for identifying cognitive engagement based on what is…

This action research described how a middle school teacher integrated five discussion protocols including structured controversy, pair communication, triad protocol, personal experience panel, and Socratic seminar into her sixth-grade Language Arts classes. Collected data from three different sources indicated an overall improvement of both…

Exploring science teachers' classroom assessment behaviors is a way to understand the professional knowledge competencies underlying effective teaching practices. One of the most important components of in-class assessments is teacher questions. However, studies examining teacher questions that provide support to accurately determine student…

Online discussion boards are a standard learning management system (LMS) instructional tool used in the emerging online learning pedagogy. This pilot study examined an innovative approach that differs from how discussion boards have been commonly used. Using a retrospective, cross-sectional design, we evaluated the effect of shifting from…

This study is the extension of our previous visualizing study on the commognition processes in computer-supported one-to-one tutoring. With the help of the scale of commognitive responsibility score, we found that the main triggers of the commognition process shift are the positive transfer of knowledge and cognitive conflict. On the basis of…

Various studies have concluded that many students have difficulty understanding concepts related to function derivatives. One of the concepts in function derivatives is higher-order derivatives, primarily the nth derivative pattern. This study aims to: (1) identify various types of learning obstacles experienced by prospective mathematics teacher…

We examined inquiry practices and types of knowledge presented along with paths of logical associations between inquiry questions as part of an open inquiry process. The study analysed high school biology students' scientific summaries of open inquiry processes. We found three paths of logical associations between inquiry questions -- preliminary…

This study was carried out in order to determine how the 3rd grade students of the Department of Elementary Mathematics Education structured their "if and only if propositions". The data were obtained by examining the students' answers given to the midterm exam questions and discussing the solutions with the students in the classroom.…

This study looked at how practically ASR-based interactive video assignments can be integrated into EFL classrooms for additional out-of-class speaking practice, and what effects it will have on students. We created an ASR-based interactive video assignment using Google Scripts and gave it to students as a homework assignment between lessons in…

Studies have shown that inferential questions encourage a more in-depth understanding of texts and that students need to learn appropriate strategies for answering them, particularly when they deal with multiple texts. In this experimental study, the authors aimed to improve eighth-grade students' (13- to 14-years old) ability to answer intra- and…

The aim of this research is to determine the strategies used by the 8th grade Turkish teachers in the teaching-learning process of the Turkish lesson for teaching comprehension (reading). The model of the research is the case study model, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The participants of the research are five Turkish teachers…

In this research, the questions in the Turkish Course (2,3,4) Worksheets were examined in terms of various classification systems. In this direction, the questions in the worksheets were evaluated with the document-material analysis technique in accordance with the structure of the qualitative research. During the research process, Turkish Course…

While standards and assessments demand that students be able to recall content information, planning guides direct teachers to prioritize the development of transferable skills and understandings, and scholars of education have spent the past century debating the purpose of history instruction without approaching consensus. The field is still…

This descriptive case study explored the presence of a community of inquiry among 4492 secondary learners enrolled in four asynchronous online discussion forums over a full year. The forums (Ethics and Philosophy, Reading, Astronomy and Space, and General Debates, among others not studied) were external to the students' schools across England. The…