In this monograph, Georgia's certificates for school personnel are analyzed by "type" and by "field," and the reasons for the development of new certificates are discussed. In the first section, a comparison is presented of types and fields of certification in each of the United States. "Type" of certification refers…

This study at a medium-sized academic library was based on the assumption that usage of the pamphlet collection could be increased by weeding to create a smaller more accessible collection, reorganization to create a more browsable collection, and promotion to increase reference librarians' awareness of the collection's contents. Approximately…

Information on research efforts concerning higher education in Sweden is presented. The development of the research program has involved a shift of emphasis among four major problem areas (the role of higher education in society, the organization of higher education, the educational function, and the research function). While in the early 1970s…

With the goal of improving the reliability and validity of tests of English as a foreign language, in particular with respect to the question of whether to allow notetaking on EFL/ESL computer-based listening comprehension tests, the present study examined the effects on ESL listening comprehension of notetaking (allowed or disallowed) in relation…

In order to analyze the productivity of 11 De Anza College extended campus "school sites" (elementary, junior and senior high schools), course offerings, enrollments, class size, and course cancellation data for each site were reviewed. Seventh week enrollments and seven quarters of offerings by the humanities, behavioral science,…

Educational administration as a field of study is inextricably tied to American-developed conceptual frameworks, even when educational administration is pursued as a domain of inquiry in other countries, such as Canada. As an applied discipline, however, educational administration reflects the particular cultural configuration in which it is…

Argues that the crisis of the American social order and the crisis of American intellectual life, taken together, pose a most precise challenge to Black intellectuals in America. Black intellectuals, it is argued, have lost their way because they have tended to substitute their reality for the world's and because they have become estranged from…

The question of whether criminology and criminal justice are distinct fields is addressed in two papers. Differences between criminology and criminal justice are delineated by emphasizing formal definitions of the field(s), occupational roles, contemporary educational trends, and future development. According to John P. Conrad, criminology is the…

Compared to the United States labor force as a whole, blacks are overrepresented in social service careers and underrepresented in technical and executive careers. This study examined the possibility that the psychosocial environment provided by black colleges may help to cause or perpetuate the distribution of blacks among careers. The faculties…

The manner in which hermeneutics (the study of the interpretive process) has treated the phenomenon of interpretation is examined in this paper. Following a historical review of hermeneutics from its Hellenic roots through the phase of traditional hermeneutics to the major reformulation of the field by Friedrich Schleiermacher and Wilhelm Dilthey…

The introduction to this paper considers competency-based education, the goals of education, and the need for some social indicators of how well students are meeting these goals. The main body of the paper looks at competency differences, instructional approaches, and educational research in several areas: focus of new research; natural…

IT IS THE EXPRESSED HOPE OF THE AUTHORS THAT THE PRACTICES DESCRIBED HERE WILL STIMULATE READER MODIFICATIONS OF THE MATERIAL PRESENTED, FOR EFFECTIVENESS IN ANY SCHOOL SITUATION. THE BOOK PRESENTS METHODS, PROCEDURES, AND TECHNIQUES FOR TEACHING CRITICAL THINKING IN JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL. CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING, USED…

This policy statement for a university library covers goals and objectives of collection development, the sharing of resources, and the responsibilities of both teaching faculty and librarians in the collection development process, as well as general library policies and guidelines and selection policies in the various subject areas and university…

A study was conducted to test the following four hypotheses: (1) more subject-area writing will produce better writing, (2) more subject-area writing will reduce writing apprehension, (3) the frequency and amount of learner-centered writing about a subject will increase learning of that subject, and (4) concepts students write about will be…