Discusses what happens when students and teachers are encouraged to use multiple ways of knowing in mediating their experiences with the world. Suggests that a good language arts program expands the communication potential of all learners through the orchestration and use of multiple ways of knowing for purposes of ongoing interpretation and…

Provides clear definitions of administrator and counselor roles in the interest of school effectiveness. Although guiding a school to instructional excellence is the most important administrative task, counselors have only limited curricular responsibility. Shared roles include the areas of public relations, drug abuse education, and knowledge of…

The argument by H. Wolcott for the use of the term "propriospect" reminds scholars for the need of a diversified approach to complex processes grouped under the headings "transmission" or "acquisition" of culture. Transmission reflects a focus on the enactment of culture; acquisition reflects an emphasis on the…

Reviews the focus of the journal "Management Communication Quarterly" during its first six years, to explore whether a theme has emerged that could be a de facto definition of management communication. Finds mixed results. (SR)

Identifies two factors that contribute to the recycling of deficit pedagogy in programs targeted for marginalized students: traditional, technocratic definitions of literacy; and "uncritical dysconsciousness" (the acceptance of culturally sanctioned beliefs that, regardless of good intentions, defend the advantages of insiders and the…

A 20-year literature review shows that lifelong learning and adult education have not been differentiated. Maximalist views aim for reconceptualizing all education; minimalists use such terms as "recurrent" and "continuing" and use lifelong education interchangeably with adult education. The maximalist view is disappearing, to the detriment of…

The history of the terms "punishment" and "aversive" is traced, and the influence of inconsistent usage and negative association associated with these terms is analyzed. A conceptual framework is presented to guide the choice of an alternative terminology for behavior reduction. (Author/JDD)

Transcripts of undergraduate group discussions uncovered strategies used to explore assumptions: defining, qualifying definitions, eliminating inappropriate meanings, broadening the context, testing generalizations by hypothesis and personal anecdote, challenging generalizations, challenging the original question, challenging the validity of…

A multidimensional definition was developed for the content universe of "organizational effectiveness" (OE) by using a mapping sentence. The definition's applicability was examined in an effectiveness study of an Israeli university, using data for 1,001 undergraduates. Relations among measures reflecting aspects of OE specific to…

This article provides an overview of how the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) affects employment of individuals with disabilities. Examples from congressional reports are included in discussions of each of the five Titles; definition of disability; and specific provisions concerning essential job functions, reasonable accommodations,…

The monitoring process consists of determining a standard, gathering data, comparing that data to a known standard, determining whether the discrepancy is significant enough to warrant intervention, and taking corrective action. Contrary to common practice, monitoring is incomplete without specific corrective action being taken. (KS)

Outlines the concept and development of environmental education and the future implications to teachers in Bophuthatswana. Defines and discusses an integrated approach to teaching approaches in environmental education. (Contains 17 references.) (MDH)

Responses of 100 mental health and mental retardation professionals to a questionnaire concerning the concept of age appropriateness in services for people with mental retardation showed that, although most respondents believed in the concept's importance in treatment success, they differed on definitions and applications of the concept. (DB)

Begins with an introduction of the terms "ethics" and "morals," and an explanation of the terms used by Islamic scholars to discuss them. Explains the concept of change and focuses on recent attempts by Muslim scholars to address issues faced by Muslims in Europe and other parts of the world. (DSK)

Students with serious emotional disturbance (SED) are identified at relatively low rates, perhaps because of confusion about how to meet the federal definition's elements. One practical aspect of this problem is addressed: how to determine if emotional disturbance has adversely affected educational performance. Implications for professional…