Data from the High School and Beyond survey for 1,076 students who took algebra before high school and 5,818 who took algebra in high school demonstrated that early access to algebra had an effect beyond increased knowledge, and that it might socialize a student into taking more mathematics. (SLD)

Argues that teachers must recognize and use students' characteristics and behaviors of resiliency to improve mathematics achievement in all student populations, including low achievers. Observes 20 high school mathematics teachers, and discusses their use of six promising instructional strategies. (SR)

Discusses using a computer spreadsheet's graphing capabilities to assist grade 8-12 algebra students to see equations and their solutions in new ways. Describes and illustrates the solution of two equations and an inequality using ClarisWorks, or Microsoft Excel or Works spreadsheet. Discusses "Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School…

This article describes a high school introductory algebra class for 16 developmental mathematics students based on the use of technology in a constructivist environment. Data analysis indicated the importance of technology and of discourse in mathematics teaching and learning. Students became active participants in their own learning and…

A new study on the link between high school coursework and postsecondary success paints a challenging picture for education advocates: African Americans can succeed in rigorous courses, but too few get the opportunity. The report from Achieve Inc., finds that few states set high curricula and content standards that prepare students for college.…

This article describes how three algebra problems involving systems of equations can be modeled and solved with manipulative materials or pictorial representation, then the solutions are compared with standard solutions using algebraic symbols. As students begin to use manipulatives and represent their pictures with number sentences, they are…

This Brief Report describes a secondary analysis of the solutions written by 306 second-year algebra students to four constructed-response items representative of content at this level. The type of solution (symbolic, graphical, or numerical) used most frequently varied by item. Curriculum effects were observed. Students studying from the second…

This article explores the algebra that can be uncovered in many middle-grades mathematics tasks that, on first inspection, do not appear to be algebraic. It shows connections to the other four Standards that occur in traditional algebra problems, and it offers strategies for modifying activities so that they can be used to foster algebraic…

Spatial visualization is an important skill that deserves instructional attention. Strong evidence supports the claim that "measures of mathematical ability tend to be strongly correlated with spatial ability" (Anderson 2000). Thus, there is every reason to believe that time spent helping students develop their spatial visualization skills will…

An analysis of the 1990 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) found that only 46 percent of all high school seniors demonstrated success with a grasp of decimals, percentages, fractions and simple algebra. This article investigates error patterns that emerge as students attempt to answer questions involving the ability to apply…

The purpose of this article is to describe a middle school mathematics teacher's model of his students' responses to algebraic tasks involving equivalent expressions and the distributive property. The teacher engaged in two model-eliciting activities designed for teachers by creating a library of his students' work and an accompanying "Ways…

Traditionally, students learn arithmetic throughout their primary schooling, and this is seen as the ideal preparation for the learning of algebra in the junior secondary school. The four operations are taught and rehearsed in the early years and from this, it is assumed, "children will induce the fundamental structure of arithmetic" (Warren &…

This study was conducted to reveal how students at university level justify their solutions to tasks with various degrees of difficulty. The study is part of a larger study of students' concept formation of limits. The mathematical area is limits of functions. The study was carried out at a Swedish university at the first level of mathematics. The…

Should all students study algebra in eighth grade? Would offering early access to algebra to all students help close the achievement gap among minority populations? Traditional educational policies that provide eighth grade algebra to selected students raise questions about equitable access to advanced opportunities for all students. Even when…

The activity developed in an integrated high school course that was team-taught by both mathematics and science teachers examines linear equations developed from relationships in biology. These equations provide students with opportunities to see the way mathematics could be used to describe biological relationships, and then apply to solve…