This dissertation study of the interaction between black fathers and their kindergarten daughters was conducted in order to increase knowledge about the black father-daughter relationship in the early years. The study was concerned with the effect fathers' reported child-rearing attitudes had on their own and their kindergarten daughter's actual…

Expectations for childhood and its outcome take on quite different meanings when one designates the child as female. A girl needs an Affirmative Action Childhood to counteract the intensive, pervasive, and crippling socialization process which negatively and powerfully affects her aspirations, and, therefore, her future as an adult. Included in an…

The impact of children's reactions to punishment on subsequent adult disciplinary actions was assessed in a study in which adult women administered rewards and punishments contingent on the behavior of a child viewed on a television monitor. Following an aggressive act by the target child and punishment administered by the adult subject, the adult…

Examined in this paper are some of the major consequences for rural education of recent Cuban efforts to favor the rural population, to achieve a rural transformation, and to operationalize the revolutionary ideology. Sources used in this case study include Cuban primary and secondary materials and government publications, recent social science…

The study sought to define the Ethos of a classroom and its operating assumptions. The basic components of the Ethos variable are Authenticity (for individual students), Legitimacy (in terms of knowledge and societal disciplines), and Productivity (effectiveness of activities). This variable is referred to by its acronym, ALP. An international…

Ego and self refer to two ways of being. They are related on the one hand to neurosis and health and on the other hand to rational and intuitive modes of consciousness. The author in this article considers consciousness as it pertains to knowing oneself. She examines how ego, the rational consciousness as applied to oneself, can obstruct…

Some of the major problems of the emerging African nations are examined in this paper. An attempt is made to define the role communication can play in helping to solve these problems and to lead these nations toward the goals of national integration and political development. A 25-item bibliography is included in the document. (TO)

If work experience is a desirable way to improve the socialization of youth to adulthood, there is a need to know the kind of work experience which should be provided, and the ways in which opportunities for such experiences can be increased. Generally, the author believes that young people are less likely to be intimidated by the bureaucratic…

The problem examined concerns the extent to which the family orientation, in terms of its status characteristics and socialization patterns, has influenced the unique styles of campus-based politics that have emerged in the United States during the 1960's. The objective is accomplished through a general statement of the role of the family,…

This study is a secondary analysis of data from recent surveys of faculty and students in 89 American colleges and universities. It explores undergraduate socialization in academic departments, focusing on the impacts of student and faculty norms concerning the desirability of liberal vs. vocational education as outcomes of college, and primary…

This study investigated the effect of being imitated on the behavior of preschool children. Twenty-two children were employed in a "marble game," which consisted of dropping a marble into one of three holes in a wooden box. Procedure trials occurred across four phases in an ABAB design: baseline, imitation, reversal, and imitation again. During…

Piaget has suggested that a child's language reflects the degree to which he is able to take into account the point of view of his listener. His inability to do so results in what Piaget calls egocentric speech whereas what Piaget calls socialized speech indicates that the child actually adopts his listener's viewpoint and engages in an exchange…

The existing research in the area of sex-role stereotypes has emphasized the presence of clearly delineated and relatively rigid roles. However, since each personality trait can be found in varying amounts in both of the sexes, one might think that the current norms of sex-role stereotypes are unduly limited. In the socialization process, all…

The behaving organism is described as a system with internal motivational and memory components which guide the actions of external input and output components. The organism actively shapes its environment by using its output to control its input from the environment. Output is a function of the psychological forces, topographic memory, and input…

Forty-eight white elementary school students, ages 6 to 10, received experimental treatments consisting of modeling and social reinforcement contingencies designed to influence their racial preferences. Social reinforcement significantly increased the modification of racial preferences during the treatments; modeling had a sustaining influence on…