In this study, a system of least prompts, partial participation, and parental involvement was used to successfully teach an adolescent with Down syndrome, moderate mental retardation, and Type I diabetes to self-administer an injection of insulin as part of an overall plan to increase self-determination and independence. (Contains seven…

This study of 36 adults with visual impairments found that self-esteem was related to 3 self-report measures of skills: dependence on others, difficulty with daily living skills, and motivation to learn. Relationships were found between educational level and self-esteem, educational level and the three measures of skills, and employment status and…

Reviews the literature on world-system theory and critical thinking about class relations to examine differences in thinking about the responses of subordinate actors to hegemony. Suggests an agency-oriented agenda for world-system inquiry in comparative education that focuses on resistance and accommodation by periphery students and educators to…

Information and communication technologies, especially the Internet, have vastly increased access to information and educational opportunities. Steadily increasing consumer demand is driving the development of online educational materials. The end result may be a "fragmentation" of learning involving multiple learning providers and delivery modes,…

Study was conducted with beginning high school students (872 females, 404 males) in Quebec to determine their view of school-related parental activities and whether their opinions varied by gender or level of autonomy. Even though adolescents welcomed most parental involvement, support was stronger among females. Boy's work-orientation and girls'…

Compared psychogenic needs structures of 2 groups of 16-year-olds from 1964 and 1992. Found that 1992 adolescents, compared to those from 1964, described themselves as more aggressive, more aimed at achievement, with a greater need to be at the center of attention and a greater need for autonomy and independence, but less need for order, rules,…

A survey of 37 educators in 14 Italian schools examined the roles of paraprofessionals. Results indicated that paraprofessionals were relied upon far less than in the United States and that respondents thought that paraprofessionals should work primarily on motor and self-help/autonomy skills. Most expressed skepticism about use of…

Examined conceptions of parenting among middle-class African American parents of early adolescents. Found that parents strongly endorsed setting firm limits. Mothers rated limiting adolescents' behavior as more important than permitting or encouraging independence. Mothers of younger adolescent females viewed limits as more important than mothers…

Broadened previous findings about conceptions of personal prerogative at home and school with regard to socioeconomic and ethnic status, focusing on working-class African American children. Found a flattening out of opportunity at school combined with some presence of punishment reasoning, suggesting interesting differences in approach between…

Sixty-four Japanese mothers of 3- to 6-year-olds were interviewed concerning their conceptions of children's areas of personal control. Mothers granted children choices regarding recreational activities, clothes, and friends to foster autonomy and competence, but they set limits around daily routines, recreational activities, and interpersonal…

In this study, the author examines the patterns of leaving home in a sample of 93 participants and their parents. The quality of parent-child relationships, psychological symptomatology in adolescence and young adulthood, and attachment representation were assessed longitudinally from mid-adolescence to young adulthood. Attachment representation,…

This article reports on findings from a research project that investigated the experiences and perceptions of final-year social science undergraduates enrolled on a dissertation module in a post-1992 UK university. The dissertation was designed to provide students with the opportunity to function autonomously and determine the content and focus of…

Dominant academic narratives about "the body" occur within two major camps. The first is derived from "classical social theory", and takes a macroscopic focus. The contrasting perspective is what Sharp ("Extended forms of the social", "Arena Journal", 1, pp. 221-237, 1993) refers to as "post-classical…

With the growing application of modern genetic technology to everyday healthcare provision, concern over its moral defence is increasing. This paper discusses pre-natal genetic testing, currently the healthcare situation in which the technology is most frequently applied. In doing this it addresses the justification for the resulting marked…

This study looked at the influence of a Sport Education intervention program on students' motivational responses in a high school physical education setting. Two intact groups were assigned curricular interventions: the Sport Education group (n = 25), which received eight 60-min lessons, and the comparison group (n = 26), which received a…