Discusses the American view of the role of education in developing Americans. Focuses on Massachusetts, the heart of early American industrialization, which gave prime importance to publicly supported education as a vehicle of social conditioning. (JOW)

Draws upon ideas about "television effects" and the adolescent peer group to illustrate how interconnections between these two socializing agents contribute to the adolescent's "construction of social reality." Examines how gender, sexual, consumer, and occupational roles as enacted by teenagers are a product of media and peer group influences.…

Three studies were conducted to assess age-related changes in children's compliant helping behavior (helping directed toward a peer at an adult's request) in relationship to (1) information about another's need, (2) knowledge about how to help, and (3) the helper's perception of interpersonal and situational constraints on helping. (Author/RH)

Examines whether parents of children ages 5 through 13 are able to recognize the impact various socialization techniques have on their own child's interpretations of prosocial behavior. Additionally investigates parents' beliefs about causal attributions made by their children. (MP)

Argues that if schools are to be made more effective, educators must understand the interaction between their academic and socialization functions, as well as comprehend what happens in schools and the societal context in which schools are embedded. (MP)

A survey was conducted to examine the attitudes of school board members in Nebraska and Louisiana. It was found that in Nebraska school board members were more accepting of community involvement, while in Louisiana board members regard themselves and are regarded by the public as political actors. (AOS)

Type A behavior of freshmen medical students was assessed at the beginning and at the end of the school year. Type A behavior was also examined in relation to measures of academic achievement. It was hypothesized that Type A behavior would increase over the course of the first year. (MLW)

The authors discuss the different methods of interpersonal skills training, focusing on the most commonly applied method, that of role playing used in a skills workshop context. (MEAD Subscriptions, CSML, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YX, England) (SSH)

In two experiments, third, fifth, and eleventh graders attributed success to effort more frequently on a "sex inappropriate" task than on a "sex appropriate" task. Overriding sex-of-actor biases emerged in explanations for failures, suggesting that failures were treated as anticipated outcomes for females. (Author/MJL)

Rates of friendly behavior were significantly greater after six moderately/severely retarded aggressive institutionalized adults participated in socialization games. The games also significantly decreased interpersonal distance. Unfriendly behavior and inactivity were higher after placebo sessions (simple craft projects). (CL)

An experiential graduate education model that effectively addresses issues of adult development and socialization for adults entering the profession of clinical psychology is described. (Author/MSE)

Offers a perspective on the impact nurse educators have on their students, adding even more complexity to the multiple roles of the nurse faculty member. (Author)

Reviews Arthur Jensen's "Bias in Mental Testing" in terms of its implications for racial genetic inferiority, and offers alternate explanations for racial differences in testing based on data from studies on Black socialization and cultural differences in child rearing. (CM)

Describes research on the influence of sex, grade level, religiosity, and birth order on adolescents' perceptions of their parents' power/authority on such dimensions as control of economic resources, decision-making, and rewards/punishments; guidance; right to exercise power; and knowledge/competence in adolescent heterosexual relationships and…

Tests a model which relates student political attitudes to the degree of participation in extracurricular activities. Subjects were 3,087 high school students. Findings showed that political attitudes are predictors of participation in the political arena in high schools. (AM)