Four major formulations of the relationship between sex role orientation and successful adaptation have found support in the literature: a traditional sex role, androgyny, masculinity, and androgyny for females. The adaptive implications of sex role orientation were examined on constructs reflecting intrapersonal functioning, i.e., ego identity…

The defining attributes of analytic ability as they relate to theoretical cognitive styles were explored in a study using a sample of 492 males aged 16-21 years. The Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT--Witkin, Oltman, Rasher, and Karp) was used to measure field dependent and independent aptitude. Scores on the GEFT were compared with scores on an…

To determine students' different but equally valid ways of dealing with the composing process, a college instructor developed a questionnaire assessing personality styles. The questionnaire distinguishes between (1) approaches to the writing process, (2) preferences for types of instruction, (3) preferences for types of writing and organizational…

Comparisons of expert and novice problem solving in physics have helped characterize some of the key features of expert behavior. There is considerable debate, however, as to whether these characteristics are specific to the field of expertise (physics) or exportable to other fields. While the question seems difficult to answer in general, at…

This paper describes the development of a conceptual framework for conducting research using computer based interactive video and a generic disc as research tools. It is argued that computer based interactive video represents the beginnings of a truly computer based learning system. An altered version of the 1984 Grabowski and Whitney conceptual…

This paper begins with a description of the context and background of cognitive research into knowledge acquisition and representation for computer based training. The nature of concept maps is alluded to and examples are given of the ways that maps can facilitate knowledge elicitation. It is noted that: (1) the concept knowledge in this research…

Since the identification of self-handicapping strategies in 1978, considerable attention has been paid to this phenomenon. Self-handicapping is a strategy for discounting ability attributions for probable failure while augmenting ability attributions for possible success. Behavioral self-handicaps are conceptually distinct from self-reported…

The purpose of this study was to determine how 16 Navy (self-paced) and 18 Marine Corps (group-paced) Aviation Storekeeper Schools students would perform on the same test, assessing mastery of an identical topic related to the selected variables of learning styles and Armed Service Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) test scores. No significant…

This study reviews relevant research on same race imitation and reports on a study of imitation under conditions of ascribed and racial similarity in two culturally distinct and separate groups, white and aboriginal Australian children. Ascribed (by the experimenter) similarity and racial similarity resulted separately in greater imitation of a…

The assumption that people exert considerable cognitive effort in processing incoming information has been complemented in recent years by the idea that people often perform tasks and make decisions after only minimal information processing. Although both the heuristic and systematic conceptualizations of information processing share the…

This paper presents a global approach to the media comparison literature. Beginning with the pros and cons of media research, it discusses the results of both individual and meta-analysis research, compares the different methods researchers have used to determine media selection, and concludes with the most recent trends in media selection. It is…

The relationship between teacher empowerment and the knowledge bases in teacher education is discussed. Assuming that students are not standardized and teaching is not routine, teachers must be capable of making judgments using learning theory and pedagogy, child development and cognition, curriculum and assessment. Teachers must know their…

A study was conducted to determine if visual linguistic numeric, auditory linguistic numeric, and tactile concrete learners have statistically significant different study habits, study attitudes, and study orientation than their low visual linguistic numeric, low auditory linguistic numeric, and low tactile concrete counterparts. Data were…

An investigation of learning styles appropriate for traditional and non-traditional styles is presented. Identification of learning styles that contribute to the learning process in the classroom for students is important for educators in assisting them to achieve their professional goals. The learning styles measured are print, aural,…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of instruction that is organized in two alternative formats--hierarchical (Gagne, 1962) and elaborated (Reigeluth, 1979)--on learner's recall and application of content-specific principles. Sixty-nine college juniors and seniors enrolled in an education media production course studied one of two…