The pros and cons of the influence of television on society are debated. Television is considered a means by which cultural information is transmitted and a powerful mechanism of socialization. However, television can be seen as a threat to the traditional role of literacy in society. (JN)

Examines the relationship between ideology as a structuring device for political information and the use of television and newspapers as sources of that information. Discusses how ideological sophistication interacts with exposure to political information to produce political attitude holding and attitude structure. (JMF)

The article examines ways in which programs for the gifted can foster leadership and discusses the effects of sex role socialization on gifted girls' academic performance and career interest. (CL)

Analyzes the way in which schooling has traditionally been used in the United States to inculcate national identity and culture. The analysis is based on research about political socialization at different time periods and on widely used textbooks. Also discusses questions of indoctrination. (DB)

Describes current directions of research on organizational entry and their limitations. Presents a new perspective that identifies key features of a newcomer's entry experiences (including surprise, contrast, and change), and describes the sense-making processes by which individuals cope with their entry experiences. (Author/IRT)

Argues that librarians need to become more politically-minded if they are to determine their future role in the "information age." Examples of political forces at work in information issues are given: national periodicals center, national library agency, Department of Education, bibliographic utilities and networks, private sector, and…

Compares the expression of affect towards parents of 8- to 11-year-old children raised in one of three environments: kibbutz children raised communally with peers, kibbutz children raised in families, and city children raised in traditional families. (SS)

Five social studies leaders react to the social roles proposal of Project SPAN. Seven key, interrelated social roles are delineated as an approach to teaching social studies. Engle states that SPAN ignores the problem of definition; Patrick and Ratliff find the conclusions challenging; Shaver sees the proposals as regressive; and Helburn discusses…

Examines the process of Chicano assimilation in America, focusing on society's attitude that mainstreaming cannot take place until minority cultural differences (viewed as defects) are eradicated. (SK)

The sequence of planning was the same for all groups and included a resource-planning stage followed by a relationship-planning stage. Retirement programs for rural couples should focus on those in their forties and should involve both spouses and family members. (Author/JAC)

Investigates girls' perceptions of the adult female role, and the relative impacts of maternal variables, societal stereotypes, and age upon girls' sex-role concepts. Subjects were 150 girls, ages 6-8 and 10-12, from working-class families in rural Ohio. (Author/SS)

Examines patterns, correlates, and consequences of direct verbal communication between Black and White mothers and teenage daughters. Finds higher frequencies of current communication to be associated with more responsible patterns of daughters' sexual behavior. Stresses the important role of parents as formal agents of sexual socialization.…

Compared attributions of success and failure in achievement tasks of White and Asian American children. Found that Whites took personal credit for success and attributed failure to luck, while Asians attributed success to luck and took personal responsibility for failure. Discussed attributional patterns in terms of socialization. (Author/MK)

Presents counseling and communication techniques for giving external expectancies the internal direction necessary to facilitate behavior change. Locus of control expectancies provide a useful concept for assessing and influencing the behavior of unmotivated clients. (Author)

The categories a person uses in describing others are related to the perceiver's own socialization experiences. Gender and generation of the respondent affect the way individuals describe people they know but not to as great a degree as previously assumed. (Author)