This article discusses using the term "general learning disorder" instead of "mental retardation." It addresses the offensiveness of the current label, discusses ingredients needed in a more appropriate diagnostic term, and offers a proposed grouping of developmental disabilities based on cognitive ability, language ability, physical ability, and…

Beginning September 1999, the School Standards and Framework Act (1998) requires all maintained schools and city technology colleges in England and Wales to have a written home-school agreement and associated parental declaration. This article places this mandate within a historical context and highlights enforceability and defined…

In this "Handbook" chapter on internationalization of educational administration, authors inappropriately equate international exchanges, pluralism in theory and research, and global patterns of educational activity with internationalization. Authors neglect intercultural thinking, overlook the rich research literature, inadequately…

Examines effects of further-education (FE) management changes, following Britain's Further and Higher Education Act, on FE teachers' work environment. Definitions of what constitutes a good lecturer are changing, via mediation of managerialist discourses stressing flexibility, reliability, and competence. Patterns of deprofessionalization…

Reports on a survey of 177 law schools which identified widespread institutional indifference to plagiarism and large disparities in law schools' definitions of and punishments for plagiarism. Finds law schools have failed to teach students the rudiments of proper attribution and offers a definition of plagiarism, suggested disciplinary sanctions,…

Explores the similarities and differences in findings related to three studies that focused on the content and context of students' and teachers' definitions of art in order to study the socialization process. Reveals that the researchers themselves perpetuate this process by solidifying the students' and teachers' learned expectations of what art…

Reviews the historical basis and rationale for identifying children as learning disabled due to a discrepancy between scores on measures of intelligence and achievement. Discusses the validity of such classifications and the role of IQ testing in the designation of children as learning disabled for research and public policy. Alternative…

Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects, healthy elderly, and young adults interpreted a series of novel noun-noun expressions composed of familiar object words. Subjects interpreted each item by selecting one of three possible definitions: a definition in which the referents of each noun were associated together in a particular context (e.g., rabbit…

What does it mean to be literate in the 21st century? Fifty years ago a high school graduate with some basic reading and writing ability could get a well-paying blue-collar job. Today a person at the same level might have trouble finding good work and may be considered illiterate in some circles. The past half-century has brought us not only…

This article arises out of a research project which looks at the promotion of creativity in pre-degree and undergraduate learners in art and design. The project considers conceptual definitions of creativity and its promotion which have been evidenced by research, and operational definitions and delivery methods used by lecturers and students in…

The double-deficit hypothesis of developmental dyslexia proposes that deficits in phonological processing and naming speed represent independent sources of dysfunction in dyslexia. The present article is a review of the evidence for the double-deficit hypothesis, including a discussion of recent findings related to the hypothesis. Studies in this…

Bullying has been described as one of the most common and potentially serious forms of school violence. It is a pervasive problem affecting many students with serious adverse consequences for some. Given the prevalence of and consequences associated with bullying, we investigated the concept of bullying as applied to school settings. In this…

Issues relating to the categorisation and labelling of pupils, and, the use of the terms "special educational needs" and "disability" in particular, have been the topic of debate in "BJSE" before. In this article, Sue Keil, a research officer at the Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB), Olga Miller, of the…

There has been much recent debate, both in the media and in academic journals, as to the meaning of the term university. This article explores the legal meaning of the term, and the historical contingencies which have surrounded various understandings of the term. It compares the structure of the Eleemosynary Corporation--the individual colleges…

The purpose of this investigation was to surface definitions for scholarly research employed in Association of Theological Schools seminaries, identify the application of scholarly research as a criteria for rank advancement, and form a scholarly research productivity reference point. The research revealed that while definitions of scholarly…