While numerous approaches to inhibit smoking have appeared in the literature, self-management is one technique that allows the client to take a more active part in the treatment. To study the effectiveness of self-management in a single-subject design, an 18 year old female college student who smoked mostly on weekends was told to self-monitor her…

A study was conducted to determine (1) if black parents score at the internal or external end of the Locus of Control (LOC) scale; (2) if differences exist between black children's LOC and that of their parents; and (3) if an external-internal shift can be achieved through counseling of the parents, and if their children's LOC changes accordingly.…

The therapist encounters patients who have incorporated toxic introjects. Therapy helps them to provide room for incorporation of a healthy object by externalizing the toxic introject. This technique is illustrated with several cases and comparison is made between the use of this technique in the treatment of adults and children. (Author)

Family therapy with families of delinquent children provokes a number of defensive maneuvers to avoid family involvement in solving their problems. Many families view delinquent behavior as others view psychopathology. The problem is to help the family deal with one another and work together. (Author)

Evaluating the effectiveness of counseling requires the clear specification of expectations for changes in the client, deciding on how these changes are to be observed, choosing and implementing a treatment which will effect these changes, and assessing actual progress toward the goal. Evaluation becomes a part of the counseling process. (Author)

This paper presents an approach to in-service training for teachers, as change agents, which attempts to be relevant to their needs in their environment. (Author)

This research indicates that a peer group can decrease reinforcement of a disruptive behavior and thereby decelerate it in a singled-out child (Pinpointing Effect) or a behavior emitted by any child in class (Diffusion Effect) with equal effectiveness. (Author)

This study focused on normal junior high school students in the natural school environment. Its purpose was to determine if different token delivery systems would differentially affect the disruptive behavior patterns of students in the normal classroom. (Author/RK)

The most common questions asked by the psychologist who is faced for the first time with assessing a visually handicapped child are answered. (Author)

Group leaders frequently encounter a reluctance among members to talk about their problems in the group. Simple well-known exercises can be used to elicit successive approximations of the desired group behavior. The leader then uses reinforcement and other techniques to strengthen, maintain, and generalize the behavior elicited by each exercise.…

The effectiveness of several weight loss programs offered through a university counseling center was compared. Although subjects met for only two treatment sessions, the behavior therapy group had lost significantly more weight at follow-up than the rational therapy, self-directed, and no-treatment control groups. (Author)

The favorable evaluation of "variant" forms by researchers reflects their own search for solutions to strains in traditional family forms; the strains in turn operate on a global scale as a result of the world division of labor and its effect on family and other institutional processes. (Author)

This article encourages school counselors to assume a key role in becoming involved with learning disabled students. The counselor can serve as an advocate for the student in insuring close home-school interaction and cooperation. Specific counselor functions designed to aid the learning disabled are suggested. (SJL)

Many of the clinically disabling behaviors of elderly persons may be viewed as operants. Research bearing on the efficacy of operant techniques for programming individualized, group based, and ward-wide therapeutic intervention is reviewed. Suggests the operant view is useful for conceptualizing and treating many problem behaviors of elderly…

Described is the application of the Educateur Model to a facility providing residential, day treatment, and outpatient services to behaviorally disordered children and their families. (DB)