The national-service movement needs to grapple with two weaknesses. One is the underrepresentation of people of color and of young people of low socioeconomic status. The other is a failure to develop strategies that seek to solve problems caused by persistent poverty; current strategies tend to address only immediate needs. (SLD)

Reviews the meaning and uses of elder-abuse and child-abuse concepts and percepts in the reporting of events and research. Reports that the stereotypical nature of the concepts and the labeling of the victims has hampered the reporting of the maltreatment, thus impairing the accuracy of the research. (RJM)

Asserts that student-role redefinition is a critical linchpin between adult educational reform behavior and student success. Failure to acknowledge the need for students to redefine themselves is a flaw in promoting understanding of reform and effective change initiatives. Students need to be deeply involved in the change process. (SLD)

Data from the Connecticut Longitudinal Study were used to compare two definitions of reading disability: a discrepancy-based model and a low reading achievement model. Children (n=415) satisfying each definition in second grade were compared retrospectively in kindergarten and prospectively in fifth guide. Findings suggest more similarities than…

Presents two experiments about ozone related topics. The first experiment examines the effect of sunlight on newsprint and relates this to human skin. The second demonstrates how chemicals, and specifically chlorofluorocarbons travel through the air. (MCO)

This article proposes a four-component framework for understanding the literacy of individuals with visual impairments, and defines two levels of literacy--basic (or academic) and functional (or practical) literacy. Implications are drawn for development of self-advocacy skills, development of standards for judging literacy in this population, and…

Presents a historical perspective of garbage management, including an exploration of what is cited as myths about garbage that guide our thinking in dealing with solid waste disposal problems. A partial list of topics includes quantity of garbage, landfills, toxic wastes, technological fixes, economics, source reduction, resource recovery,…

Discusses the value of the Socratic method in classroom teaching. Defines the three primary components of the Socratic method as systematic questioning, inductive reasoning, and universal definitions. Suggests that such a teaching method can use thought content to change thought processes and encourage active participation and critical and…

This article reviews issues associated with the education of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It offers a definition of this population and compares practical classroom applications of commonsense attribution theory and information processing theory. It proposes a pragmatic learning theory that takes into account cognitive,…

Eight criteria developed by the National Forum on Assessment (Washington, DC) as guidelines for evaluating existing and proposed assessment systems at any level are listed. Criteria call for clear definitions and fair assessments to assist educators and policymakers in improving instruction. Continuous review and improvement are recommended. (SLD)

Different approaches to defining suppression in multiple regression/correlation are compared, and their differences are illustrated. A test for determining the significance of a suppressor effect, which is based on the definition of suppression of W. F. Velicer, is extended to the general multiple predictor case and analysis of variance. (SLD)

Specific studies are used to discuss three approaches to examining language teacher training programs. Points considered are teacher training programs do not provide enough training in affective areas; they do not have an adequate definition of teacher training; and they can do little to change basic perceptions about teaching and learning. (11…

This article discusses the history of revisions to the category of "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" (ADHD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM); results of field trials for the forthcoming fourth edition of the DSM; and the relevance, functions, and limitations of DSM-IV diagnosis for educational…

Discusses how cultural and gender biases in definitions of mental and emotional health and illness create critical issues for counseling research. Suggests that future research in counselor education and supervision cannot afford to uncritically accept these definitions and challenges researchers to develop more inclusive definitions. (Author/NB)

This article offers a working definition and an overview of the critical components of collaborative consultation, including theoretical foundations, competencies, and model components. It focuses on the role of the speech language pathologist within various models and as a participant in a five-step problem-solving procedure. (DB)