In addition to investigative and interpretative reporting, journalists might adopt a new approach to the news--preventive journalism. Preventive journalism would concentrate on news and information that could be used to prevent crises and conditions upon which the mass media thrive. In one area, public health, preventive journalism could be used…

Based on a pattern of interaction, in which the interactants fulfill the roles of victim, persecutor, or rescuer, a study of ten Harlequin romantic novels was undertaken to determine what factors provided for the readers' identification with the Harlequin characters. It was found that Harlequin heroines manifested their status as victims by…

Among the possible results brought about by the reduction from 1970 to 1980 of the overseas staffs of American newspapers were (1) increased reliance upon official or state media as news sources; (2) a nation underinformed despite its heavy worldwide political, economic, and cultural involvement; and (3) a lack of coherent reporting of the…

In this study of how children select content to use in producing stories, the information children knew about three problem-solving situations was compared to the information they included in their stories about these situations. Twenty children at each of three age levels (6, 9, and 12 years) were interviewed individually. Within each age group,…

In a discussion of the attempts of the organized workers' photography movement in Weimar Germany to redirect the use of photographs in everyday life, this paper analyzes photographs published in the "Arbeiter-Illustrierte-Zeitung," (AIZ) a large and successful picture magazine that emphasized a left-wing, humanitarian approach. The paper…

New ways of relating the newspaper to the history of thought are discussed in this paper. It suggests that intellectual and media historians may approach the newspaper either institutionally, as a significant cultural variable in the reception of new thought, or as an analytic probe (both in content and form) by which to assess that process of…

This report analyzes seven standardized reading tests which were part of a data bank of information on 6,753 first-grade through sixth-grade students from 36 communities. The data bank was assembled to allow for secondary analyses of the relationships between achievement and specific characteristics of programs or schools. Differences between…

Coverage in a sample of ten Indiana daily newspapers was analyzed, documentary evidence was gathered, and interviews with surviving newswriters were conducted to determine how the Indiana press reported the Ku Klux Klan during the 1920s. The study found that Indiana papers gave the Klan, while it was powerful, more favorable coverage than…

A series of experiments was performed to investigate the effectiveness and utility of automatically classifying documents through the use of multiple discriminant functions. Classification is accomplished by computing the distance from the mean vector of each category to the vector of observed frequencies of a document and assigning the document…

The editorials about four Vietnam War news events that appeared in five newspapers were examined for content, tone, page placement, and length to discover what trends in editorial coverage occurred. The 131 editorials that were examined appeared in the "New York Times," the "Los Angeles Times," the "Wall Street…

Designed for use by secondary school teachers, this book contains a collection of biblical literary analyses, the writing of which was prompted by increased interest in the Bible as an academic study. There are 17 chapters in the book: "The Rabbinic Method and Literary Criticism" by K.P. Bland; "Literary Criticism of the Bible: Some Fallacies" by…

The general scope of SPIRAL is storage of free-flowing text information into a machine-readable library and recall of any portions of this stored information that are relevant to an inquiry. The major objectives in the design of the system were (1) to make it easy to use by persons unfamiliar with computer systems; and (2) to make it efficient, in…

The purpose of this study was to discover whether tragedy exists in realistic fiction for eight-to-12-year-old children and, if so, to present selected exemplifications of this mode. The study assumed that children should be exposed to the tragic sense of life in their literature, and the child psychologists and critics of children's books who…

PAVLOV (Paired Associate Verbal Learning Organizational Vehicle) is a Fortran coded program designed to facilitate the analysis of learning data. The program analyzes four classes of information parameters, list order, data format, and data. Utilizing this input, the program performs an in-depth measurement of several dependent variables for each…

A random group of 49 items was drawn from nine commerically available reading comprehension tests. Each test was classified independently by two judges as either a measure of the ability to find answers to questions answered explicitly or in paraphrase in the passages, a measure of the ability to draw inferences or deductions, or a measure of some…