Truscott [Truscott, J., 1996. "The case against grammar correction in L2 writing classes.' "Language Learning" 46, 327-369; Truscott, J., 1999. "The case for "the case for grammar correction in L2 writing classes": a response to Ferris." "Journal of Second Language Writing" 8, 111-122] laid down the…

Objectives: Substance exposed infants present a major challenge to child welfare and public health systems. Prenatal substance exposure and continued substance abuse in the home are associated with a wide range of adverse social, emotional, and developmental outcomes. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the use of recovery coaches in…

This paper focuses on the effectiveness of direct instruction in improving non-native student achievement in English learning. The study involved two groups in two English classes. Groups were selected from two different elementary public schools in the State of Kuwait. Study parameters were derived from a review of the literature and scientific…

As part of an international public health partnership formed in 2001 we assessed the impact of Project Northland in Croatia --an adolescent alcohol school-based prevention intervention implemented in Split--on students. The curriculum was implemented in 13 randomly selected schools with another 13 schools serving as controls. The evaluation…

A review of the literature revealed that control (or placebo) vignettes are not used in numerous studies in all areas that employ vignette-based methodology, which is a serious methodological and theoretical flaw. The nature of this flaw and its methodological and theoretical importance is outlined in this paper, as well as procedures and a model…

THE FAILURE OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH TO CONTRIBUTE LARGE CONSISTENT BODIES OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS HAS BEEN DUE TO FIVE MAJOR FACTORS--(1) FAULTY EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, (2) FAILURE TO CONSIDER ALL OF THE MAJOR INPUT ELEMENTS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS, (3) FAILURE TO MAKE MEANINGFUL COMPARISONS (FOR EXAMPLE THE CONTROL GROUP IS NOT…

Some of the controversy concerning the efficacy of psychotherapy or counseling has been resolved by recent evidence that studies reporting no effects had indiscriminately lumped together the high and low therapeutic conditions which are associated with successful and unsuccessful outcomes. The present study extends these findings to a group of…

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that students who watch their fingers in the beginning weeks of typewriting instruction will develop better techniques as shown on tests of speed and accuracy at the end of the school year than student who watch only their copy in accordance with the conventional teaching method. The major…

This paper describes how to determine whether enough observations have been sampled to be reasonably certain that a correct decision will be made about how the difference between the means of an experimental and control group compares to a constant specified by the experimenter. Equal variances are not assumed. (Author/BW)

Explored the range and effectiveness of mnemonics employed by untrained older adults in two studies (N=73) and (N=33) involving predicting and reporting memory strategies. Results showed predicted memory performance and actual memory performance were not strongly related and point out possible interpretive problems associated with "do-nothing"…

Flexibility in evaluative research design does not necessitate the abandonment of randomly constructed comparison groups. Three designs are reviewed which provide at least the option of randomization while maintaining great flexibility. The strengths and weaknesses of the designs are discussed. (Author)

The difference in effect on power of restriction of range between treatments under experimental control and categories formed from examinee (individual differences) variables is discussed. Conditions under which there is loss or increase of power are explained. (SLD)

The objective of this study was to bring about a better understanding of the abilities of prelingually deafened individuals to process word and nonword visual information. Students with prelingual deafness (n = 18, mean grade = 5.1) and a task-matched hearing control group (n = 28, mean grade = 4.9) judged the identicalness of physically…

The authors investigated the efficacy of an interactive Web site, MyStudentBody.com: Alcohol (MSB:Alcohol) that offers a brief, tailored intervention to help heavy drinking college students reduce their alcohol use. They conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial to compare the intervention with an alcohol education Web site at baseline,…

Objective: The percentage of children with clinical levels of internalizing and externalizing problems before and after maternal death from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was contrasted with two comparison groups: children whose mothers were human immunodeficiency virus infected but continued to live and children whose mothers were not…