A group of 34 experimental and 45 control teachers provided data on 1,866 pupils in 75 different classrooms in 24 communities in the United States to determine the extent to which the workshop training provided for recipients of the Sears-Roebuck Foundation Fellowships in the summer of 1972 affected the economic understanding of their pupils.…

To find an improved method of teaching remedial English classes, a study was made to determine whether: (1) emphasis on reading skills leads to improved writing, (2) reading can be improved in an English class, (3) reading skills can be taught by teachers with little or no training. Six sections of Remedial Freshman English were used. Three…

The major purpose of this study was to ascertain whether or not a relationship existed between problem-solving ability and environmental factors. A secondary and related purpose was to find and examine any differences between demographic and curriculum groups. Data were collected from students and from school records in three public high schools…

The theoretical rationale underlying the present investigations begins with the assumption that perceptual categorization of racial groups is a prerequisite for subsequent attitude development. It is predicted that if increased perceptual similarity of other groups does indeed initiate attitude acquisition, then it follows that a decrease in…

A 3-YEAR STUDY OF THE RESULTS OF BASAL AND INDIVIDUALIZED READING PROGRAMS IN 14 FIRST-GRADE EXPERIMENTAL AND 14 CONTROL CLASSROOMS IN EIGHT SCHOOL SYSTEMS IN WISCONSIN IS PRESENTED. SUBJECTS INCLUDED 359 BOYS AND 349 GIRLS. ALL EXPERIMENTAL (INDIVIDUALIZED) CLASSES WERE PAIRED WITH CONTROL (BASAL) CLASSES EITHER IN THE SAME BUILDING OR IN THE…

It is now recognized that neither the Civilian Conservation Corps nor an individual camp can operate efficiently without an effective guidance program. Its results are directly reflected in the morale of the corps, the efficiency of its administration, and the amount and quality of the work accomplishments. Kirkland Sloper, adviser in Company 127,…

Subjects were assessed for locus of control and experienced either: no diagnosis; diagnosis; or, diagnosis and remediation. Immediate achievement was measured twice during the experiment; retention was measured 30 days later. Findings suggest that diagnostic or diagnostic/remedial instruction is effective in increasing middle school science…

A review of the literature suggests that choice of control group may have affected the policy implications of the major evaluations of governmental training programs. It is argued that the usual evaluation designs underadjust for preprogram differences between trainees and the control group and thus yield biased estimates of program impact.…

Results from an experiment with 28 experimental and 28 matched control college students taking a 13-week computer science course support the potential of modeling and coaching students in metacognitive strategies to enhance learning. The instructional method had significant long-term and short-term effects on cognitive and affective learning…

Data from 95 educationally disadvantaged Hong Kong students placed in mastery-learning classes were compared with 64 control students in expository-learning classes. Results indicate that under mastery learning, deep- and surface-biased learners increasingly diverge in performance and attitude, with surface learners doing better unit to unit, and…

Analyzes the mental organizations of two sets of fuzzy lexical items by 70 native speakers (NSs) of English and 185 learners of English as a Second Language (ESL). Findings suggest that a discernible approximative pattern exists in the acquisition of ESL semantics, with the differentiation of certain words acquired before the differentiation of…

This paper evaluates a smoking prevention intervention aimed at vocational school students, consisting of an existing Dutch in-school program (three lessons each lasting 50 min) and a computer-based tailored out-of-school program (three tailored letters with smoking prevention messages mailed to students' homes). Nineteen schools that already…

Objective: The aim of this follow-up study was to investigate the course of performance in attentional tasks in children with ADHD and normal controls in late childhood and preadolescence over short periods of time. The development of two dimensions of attention was compared: alertness/arousal and inhibitory control. Method: Children with ADHD (N…

Background: Most studies of the effects of trauma on mental health have generally not separately assessed psychosocial functioning, and in those that have key issues have received little attention, such as the relation between the time courses of the two kinds of outcome, and detailed assessment of social functioning in a range of domains. The…

Background: Previous empirical studies of the cognitive sequelae of failure to thrive in infancy have led to apparently inconsistent conclusions. Methods: Studies of cognitive abilities in failure to thrive were located through published bibliographies, supplemented by a search through MEDLINE. They were classified (a) into those in which the…