A study examined cognitive and motor development in 56 toddlers prenatally exposed to cocaine (ages 12-27 months) and 56 typical toddlers. Infants prenatally exposed to cocaine experienced developmental problems in expressive and receptive language areas. In addition, there was a possible relationship between cocaine exposure and subsequent…

Four preschool children who exhibited aggressive methods for resolving social interaction conflicts were taught a problem-solving strategy. Results found that acquisition of the problem-solving strategy influenced the types of alternative solutions the children provided to social interaction conflicts. Students produced more prosocial resolutions…

Presents a study where classroom teachers used a five-point scale to rate the classroom conduct, behavior, and home background of 109 nine, ten, and eleven year old British primary school students. Investigates the relationship among cognitive style, gender, and behavior. Includes references. (CMK)

Surveys African American families (N=841) to test hypothesis that community context might influence the association between parent control and punishment on child conduct problems. Survey found the deterrent effect of caretaker control on conduct problems became smaller as deviant behavior became more widespread. Results suggest that a particular…

Identifies attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) in Korean juvenile delinquents. Intelligence tests, Test of Variables of Attention, Teacher Report form, Youth Self-Report, and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale were administered to 98 incarcerated youth and 84 nondelinquent youth. In the delinquent youth, 42.2% of the adolescents were…

A study examined the socioemotional experiences of adolescents with and without learning disabilities (LD) in an Israeli kibbutz environment during school transition periods. Seventh- and ninth-graders with LD received more social peer rejection and were judged by teachers to exhibit lower social skills and higher behavioral problems. (Contains…

Fourteen studies were reviewed to examine the utility, acceptability, and practicality of functional behavioral assessment (FBA) conducted with students with high-incidence behavior problems in school settings. Results indicate FBA was effective, that FBA could be performed in typical school environments, and that FBA produced socially valid…

A review of 27 studies that examined effects of childhood physical abuse and exposure to partner violence found that the children who were victims or witnesses to violence in the home were at risk for experiencing both behavioral and emotional problems and somewhat at risk for impaired social functioning. (CR)

The Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale (DBRS) was designed to differentiate among the disruptive behavior disorders through administration to teachers and parents. Four studies are presented here to provide a technical analysis to fathers' responses to the DBRS-Parent Version. Reliability and construct and criterion-related validity of father…

Examines some obstacles to full implementation of provisions of the 1997 Amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Explores ways middle schools might overcome these obstacles, primarily by viewing behavior problems as errors in learning that can be ameliorated through quality instruction. Discusses ways in which schools must…

Solution-focused intervention deviates from using negative labels (angry, aggressive, or shy) to describe misbehaving students, and reframes behavior descriptions more positively. Four steps (goal setting, looking for exceptions, visualizing a new life story, and practicing the desired behaviors) are vital to facilitating positive behavior…

Emphasizes the need for basic investigations into the nature of parental beliefs and the need to distinguish conscious and automatic belief processes. Suggests an individual-differences approach nesting automatic beliefs within emotions and attachment and possible research methodologies. Examines the mediating role of cultural differences in…

Notes that camp directors and counselors should be familiar with learning disabilities. Defines learning disabilities and explains accommodations of materials, procedures, and equipment; modification of activities; individuals' learned compensation strategies; and communication issues. Sidebar defines types of learning disabilities. (SAS)

Introduces special issue examining how constructions of pathology during childhood and adolescence play out along lines of gender, race, class, age, and citizenship in ways that locate problems in the individual, bolster extant constructions of difference and inequality, and make possible connections between constructions of pathology and…

A study explored the perceptions of 12 administrators and policy makers, 13 family members, 12 friends, and 9 adults with challenging behavior and mental retardation and/or autism, 7 researchers, and 13 teachers regarding current behavioral information and dissemination. Results indicate a continued gap between research and practice. (Contains…