One of the questions an author/illustrator of picture books is often asked is: "Who do you write and illustrate for?" This paper asserts that the most successful creations are those produced without too much concern for how they will be received, or by whom. They do not set out to appeal to a predefined audience, they build one for…

A speech in response to an individual's death is by nature a recurring form of rhetoric. Based on audience expectations and needs, certain generic aspects have emerged to characterize eulogies. The funeral oration has generally been recognized as a form of epideictic rhetoric. Modern scholars have generally broadly defined epideictic rhetoric to…

The 21 plays in this international anthology for young people range through the classic, modern, and contemporary periods. Several of the plays are translations from other languages, and all begin with an explanatory introduction and contain basic stage directions. The anthology contains plays by Moliere, August Strindberg, Gertrude Stein,…

The Christian Identity movement is a religious movement derived from the premise that the white race is the offspring of the lost tribes of Israel and that whites, not Jews, are God's chosen people. The "seedline doctrine," which is taught by Pastor Dan Gayman, a former high school principal, and other preachers of the Christian Identity…

Focusing on satisfying the theatrical feature film audience, this book provides writers with the tools necessary to successfully create and market a screenplay. It includes "scribble exercises" every few pages--specific activities and questions to stir readers' reactions. Chapters in the book are: (1) Drama Is Conflict; (2) Satisfying…

In this lesson, grade 6-8 students analyze a variety of poets and their poetry by reading and listening to their work. Students then use information gathered from Internet resources to select a favorite poet and perform one of their poems for the class. During the four 30-minute and five 20-minute sessions, students will: analyze a variety of…

Extending the idea of business cards to the literature classroom, this lesson plan discusses having students make business cards for characters and authors. During two 50-minute lessons, students will: identify appropriate symbols that relate to their authors or characters; interact with classmates to give and receive feedback; and explore how…

By making simple bookmarks, students in grades 6-8 practice summarizing, recognizing symbols, and writing reviews in these two 50-minute class sessions--all while writing for an authentic audience. Student objectives for this lesson are that they will: write summaries and reviews for books they read; identify appropriate symbols that relate to…

Presents a 30-month case study of how one business writer made decisions concerning audience. Suggests that audience theory does not adequately describe the cognitive and social decisions writers make in real-world professional contexts, with intrinsic internal factors such as writer's creditability, financial rewards, and promotions affecting…

States that Crystal Eastman and Alice Hamilton, organizers of the Workers' Health Bureau, helped shape the early 20th-century health and safety communication field by targeting texts to professional and popular audiences which sought to prevent occupational accidents and disease by promoting voluntary efforts by employers, government regulation,…

Examines the ways that social theories of audience have informed the perspectives of "invoked" and "addressed" readers--terms put forth by Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford. Critiques these terms, particularly for their failure to adequately acknowledge the multiplicity of readers. Argues that compositionists should embrace a more comprehensive social…

Suggests ways for journalists to better their writing skills, for example, being aware of unnecessary words and redundancies and the fact that the simplest word is usually the best word. Tells reporters which words to avoid, such as "many,""some," and "a lot." Gives examples of some mistakes that journalists have…

Investigates five audience-related constructs related to the writing of adults demonstrating varying degrees of literacy competence. Studies 35 college-able writers demonstrating learning disabilities (LD), 22 LD writers attending a rehabilitation vocational training program, 35 remedial college writers, and 35 normally achieving college writers.…

Presents a case study of one six-year-old that suggests that e-mail messages foster different skills and conventions than does print-based letter writing. Hopes to illuminate the writing practices children might develop as they engage in e-mail communication. (SG)

Presents students with the opportunity to evaluate e-writing techniques and information design components of two financial and investment Websites. Discusses strategies for teaching e-writing. Uses a three-part information design model developed by Carliner (2000). Discusses how the physical, cognitive, and affective aspects all work…