This current overview of optical disk technology describes the evolving marketplace for optical products, the use of libraries as test sites for prototype CD-ROM (compact disk read-only-memory) products, CD-ROM developments, new optical technologies, and advances in magnetics. A list of some compact disk manufacturers and a glossary of terms are…

The impact of corporate ownership of hospitals and nursing homes on delivery systems for dental and medical care is discussed, including the growth of multihospital chains and alternative delivery systems, and the quality, accessibility, and costs of care. (MSE)

Presents a summary of recent ideas in the area of industrial innovation. Analyzes varying viewpoints on models of the processes of innovation and poses questions for future study, research, and policy formation. (ML)

The first of two articles is an overview of the contexts in which secrecy is applied to business information as a matter of public policy. The second covers restrictions on dissemination of scientific and technical information including statutory and administrative mechanisms for its control, and implications of the current system. (Author/EM)

Describes power structure of corporations functioning under Theory W in which single leaders, in partnership with trusted followers, achieve corporate success. Basis of this industrial structure is attributed to social and developmental structures of prehistoric man and city states. Dimensions of W, X, Y, and Z theories are discussed. (MBR)

The Corporate Council on the Liberal Arts, a group of corporate executives having agreed that the liberal arts can provide better preparation for business careers than many people realize, has embarked on the difficult task of getting colleges and businesses to put that principle into practice. (MLW)

Examines the trends and efforts of Japan in funding basic and applied research in American universities and industries. Cites examples of the high-technology ties between the United States and Japan. Discusses the implications of foreign-funded research and technological transfer. (ML)

Describes the American Association of Publishers' (AAP) Electronic Manuscript Project, which was charged with the development of standards to facilitate the exchange and processing of electronically created documents, and explains the application of generic tags developed for descriptive markup that can be used with a variety of technologies and…

Provides an historical overview of the origins, developments, and contributions of chemical engineering. Reviews the roles of the university and industry in the education of chemical engineers. Includes a listing of the major advances of chemical engineering since World War II. (ML)

Outlines the recommendations made by the Co-operative Career Work Education Association of Canada for encouraging the cooperation of business and industry in secondary school cooperative education programs. Details the need for such programs and the benefits to both student and community from such a program. (ABB)

Discussion of the effects of a shortage of foreign exchange on the Tanzanian library service highlights Tanzania Library Services Board achievements (staff development and training, legislation, National Bibliographic Agency and bibliographic control, promotion of publishing, documentation) and problems with the provision of library services in…

Presents and analyzes data on sources of research and development (R&D) funds; R&D spending by government agencies; how industry apportions its R&D outlays; spending by individual chemical companies; manpower in industrial R&D; sources/uses of academic R&D funds; largest spenders on R&D; and demographic trends. (JN)

Outlines role and sources of simulations and discusses use of adults other than teachers (AOTs) in the classroom in Great Britain's School Curriculum Industry Project. Arguments for using AOTs, a model that delineates role of AOTs in simulation use, and case studies illustrating project practices in this area are presented. (Author/MBR)

Used classical conditioning theory of learning to predict attitudes of junior high students toward spending for designer jeans. Found that students were likely to say that in comparison to the nondesigner jeans, they would spend more for the designer jeans, select them more often as gifts, and purchase them more often for themselves. (Author/ABB)

In Britain, higher education is inappropriate for simplistic 'marketisation' but it is appropriate for more internal competition. Graduation data is used as an output measure for higher education. When output measures are set against input measures, Britain compares well with other nations in higher education. (Author/MLW)