This study surveyed a random sample of scholars in nine scientific disciplines from private and public colleges and universities across the United States and Canada to determine use and non-use of electronic prints (e-prints, or journal article preprints) archives in different disciplines. Discusses reasons for use and non-use, including…

Examines the role of the Internet in supporting scholarly communication via electronic journals. Topics include scholarly electronic communication; a typology of electronic journals; models of electronic documents and scholarly communication forums; publication speed; costs; pricing; access and searching; citations; interactivity; archiving and…

Discusses three issues: (1) copyright and the effects of technological change and the trend to commodify information; (2) the interests involved; and (3) the "Green Paper," a proposal by the European Commission to address copyright issues arising from digitization of protected works. Safeguarding free information access can be achieved…

Characterizes the use and acceptance of electronic preprints in chemistry literature based on a survey of authors of preprints appearing in the Chemistry Preprint Server (CPS). Shows that preprints are convenient for disseminating research findings and for receiving feedback before submitting to a peer-review journal, but that reception of…

Discusses a number of community college-based training concepts for the construction trades. These programs integrate classroom, lab, and work experience, and some offer credits toward applied sciences or other degrees. Describes the Florida Construction Institute at Florida Community College, Jacksonville, and other construction education…

As higher education improves, it should not become so concerned with numbers that it forgets that employees of the 1990s, to which corporations look for their success, must do more than perform well on tests. Graduates should be creative, receptive, communicative, participating, cooperative, and flexible people who love learning. (MSE)

Rapidly advancing technologies, increased international competition, and the shift to a people-driven service economy are forcing industry to work smarter and to hire smarter workers. New partnerships between schools, colleges, and business are necessary. Successful state reform movements require the active involvement of the governor and the…

Presents a review focusing on techniques and their application to the analysis of geological and inorganic materials that offer significant changes to research and routine work. Covers geostandards, spectroscopy, plasmas, microbeam techniques, synchrotron X-ray methods, nuclear activation methods, chromatography, and electroanalytical methods.…

Refutes the claim that textbooks are responsible for educational difficulties. States that textbooks are a reflection of what teachers want. Provides a behind the scenes look at textbook production. Points out the problems created by the lack of a national curriculum and the textbook policies of state adoption committees. (RW)

Points to be covered in clinical trial agreements are identified including: need to specify what is being paid; the need for and purpose of confidentiality provisions; publication review provisions; patent arrangements; the need for indemnity provisions and what these provisions should provide; and informed consent requirements and termination…

Analyzes a sample of over 4,700 orders for library materials at the University of California, Berkeley, in terms of the probability that the material will arrive and the factors that determine arrival. Models to evaluate the book ordering process are presented, and variables that may affect arrival time are discussed. (six references) (Author/LRW)

Reviews a list of recommendations developed by the Council on Research & Technology (CORTECH). Suggests summer internships for math and science teachers, more funding for higher education, increasing the number of minorities in science, providing corporate continuing education, and increasing communication between industry, government, and…

Summarizes four media-related reports, including: (1) a survey that explored the factors introduced by new technologies for distributing television in and across Europe; (2) an annual review of BBC broadcasting research findings; (3) the portrayal of violence on British television; and (4) an evaluation of primary school radio programs in…

Describes the design and functions of a technical library database maintained on a mainframe computer and supported by the SPIRES database management system. The topics covered include record structures, vocabulary control, input procedures, searching features, time considerations, and cost effectiveness. (three references) (CLB)

Compares the problems faced in public education to those of U.S. industry during the past two decades. Points out that today's educational enterprise requires greater cooperation, communication, and commitment. Calls for the formation of a new partnership among education, business, and community. In place of separate reforms, advocates a new…